69 



SyMPHTTo'qTOUS, STMPHYTOTHB'LUa— Indi- 

 feating adhesion between the calyx and 

 pistil; whfei* the bvary is more or less 

 inferior. 



SYiiPLO'oinM, Symplo'kium — SyUonym 

 for the Annulus to the Tnebse of 

 Ferns. 



Synanthro'phtthm— A plant whose fruit 

 is Composed of many carpels a^fegated 

 together. 



SYNAaMo'PHYTUS^Synonym for "Gynan- 

 drous." 



Syncab'phjm,. SyncAr'pum— A fruit com- 

 posed of Several carpels, which become 

 more or less fleshy and cohere together. 

 Applied also where tlfe fcarpels are 

 otjmbined by their floral eilvblopes 

 becoming fleshy. The Sweetsop 

 Custard Ap^le {Anona) is a ready 

 example. SYNCAB'Ptrs— Bearing fruit 

 cohipbsed of cohering carpels. The 

 cinders of dfupes as they separate 

 from a head of fruit of the so-called 

 Native Bread-fruit, Pwridanus, are 

 syncarps. 



Syncoiyledo'I^eus— When the cotyledons 

 of dicotyledonous plants so cohere 

 together as to form a singlfi undivided 

 mass. 



SYNB'DKus^Growing on the angle of a 

 stem. 



SySgeSe'siouS, Syngenesus — Where the 

 stairiens cohere by their anthers, as in' 

 Compositae. 



Synooho'bion — SyUonym for " Oarce- 

 rulus." 



SYNORHi'zts — when the point of the 

 radicle, in the embryo, adfieres to the 

 perisperm. 



SYnst1gma'tici/s— When a pollen-mass, in 

 the OrchidesB, is furnished with a 

 retiilaculuni, by which it adheres to the 

 stigma. 



Synzy'gia — The point of junction, above the 

 Vadiclg, where opposite cotyledons meet 

 in dicotyledonous plants. 



SYPH'iLlT'lO-^TJseful in theoiife of syphilis. 

 In Brazil the roots of JBrunfelsia 

 (Frwncuea) unifiora have been used as a 

 remedy, and there the plant is called 

 Vegetable Mercury. 



SYSTELLo'pHYTnM — When a persistent calyx 

 appears to form part of the fruit. 



SyS'teM, Syste'ma — An ^ arrangement of 

 natural objects according to prescribed 

 rules. Systema'tic, Systema'tious— 

 Belonging to a system. Thus plants 

 are systematically arranged in Glasses, 

 Subclasses OT Alliances j Natural Orders 

 or Families, &6oraers; Tribes, Sub- 

 tribes, divisions, Subdivisions ; Genera, 

 Subgenera, Sections, Subsections ; 

 Species, Varieties. If the variety 

 generally comes true from seed, it is 

 often called a Race. 



Sys'tyluS— Where several styles cohere so 

 as to form a single column, 



Tabaoi'nus — Tobacco-coloured ; grey with 

 some binary compound of red with a 

 little yellow. Or the plant, or part 

 thereof, may be used instead of tobacco 

 for some purposes. Glyeine tabadna. 



Ta'bes (A rotting away)— A disease which 

 produces a gradual decay. Ta'besobns 

 (Wasting away) — Synonym for " Mar- 

 cescens. 



Ta'Bula — Synonym for " Pileus " in some 

 Fungi. 



TabIjla'ted — Consisting of superilnposed 

 lay6rs. 



Tmnia'sus (Tmnia, a ribband, and hence a 

 tapeworm) — TatDewbrm-shaJed. 



TAti'SA (Taldrium, the winged shoe of 

 Mercury) — Synonym for an Ala in the 

 papilionaceous corolla. 



Ta'lea— A slip or cutting made for the 

 purpose of propagating the plant. 



Tangen'tial — In the direction of a tangent. 

 Todching a straight line on the arc of a 

 •circle. 



Tap-boot — An unbranched tapering mass 

 round the descending axis, frbm which 

 fibres are giveii off in more or less 

 abundance. 



Tabta'ebods, Tabta'bbus (tartarum,, the 

 tartar-crust in wine vessels) — Where 

 the surface is rough and crumbling, as 

 in many Lichens. (See Leca/nora tar- 

 tarea.) 



Taw'ny — Qf a dull yellowish tint, obtained 

 by mixing orange-yellow With grey. 

 (See flowers of the Tawny Day Lily, 

 Beinefo'callis fulva.) 



TaXo'logy, Taxo'nomy, Taxolo'gia, Tax- 

 ONO'MlA-^That department of Botany 

 which embraces the classification of 

 plants. 



Tbg'jien (A covering)— See "SeoOndine." 

 Synoliym for "Gluma" in grasses. 

 TfeiiBN'TUM-^The outer scales of a 

 leaf-bud. Tbgmina'tus— When the 

 hucleils is invested by a tegmen or 

 covering. 



Te'la (A Web of cloth)- Elementary tissue. 



tTEL'ENTOSPOBE — In Uredine*, spore 

 formed by abjunction on, but not 

 separating from, a sterigma; producing 

 in germination. Which takes j)lace after 

 g, resting period, a prbmyoelium. 



TEiir'trLENTUS — Drunken. Applied to the 

 grass Lol^vMi temulentum, the "Drun- 

 ken Darnel." 



TkN'DEiL — A modified oohdition of some 

 appendage to the axis of vegetation, 

 when it assumes the form of a cord, 

 twisting round contiguous objects for 

 suppoirt, as in the Vine and the Vetches. 



Ten'uis — Slender. TENUiro'llus — A 

 slender, linear leaf. 



Thphko'Sius- Of an ash-grey colour ; grey 

 much diluted. 



TEBATOt'oOY — Synonym for "Morphology." 

 To a certain extent it rather treats of 

 the malformations or deviations from 

 the normal type of stl^ucture of plants. 

 An exbellent account of this subject is 

 given by Dr. Maxwell T. Masters in a 

 volume published by the Eay Society. 

 He divides the subject under the 

 following headings, viz. : — 1. Deviation 

 from the, ordinary arrangement, com- 

 prising {a) union of parts (cohesion and 

 adhesion) ; (6) independeiiceofofg(ms{6s- 

 sion, dialysis, solution); (c) cUteroHon 

 of position (displacement, prolification, 

 hetbrotaxy, heterogamy, alteration in 



