156 FLORA OF WINNESHIEK COUNTY. 
to the right in each case indicates the number of trees found 
within the territory selected: 
Hard maple ......... ... 97 Red cedar ..........-..- 11 
Olt Maple ..esscwivess 86 Balsam fir ...........-- 7 
Box elder .............. 64 Walttt sco; cence acess 5 
American elm ........... 62 Red lM .a.ce<s0e+ Sie 4 
Cottonwood ............ Wl ACAIBL DE: ca nweke wc eea nese 3 
White pine vis exex ree ens 45 Black locust ...........- 3 
Norway spruce ......... 36 European larch ........- 2 
Bur oak (native) ........ 20 Scotch Pine ...........-- 2 
Mountain ash .......... Th BUCKeVe .evseyeeeedens4s 2 
White cedar ............ 14 Choke cherry ........... 1 
Hackberry ..........5-- 1 
Also several specimens of silver and Lombardy onlané and 
Austrian pine. 
It is interesting to note that notwithstanding the abundance of 
splendid available native species, such forms as the soft maple, 
box elder, cottonwood, silver poplar and Lombardy poplar are 
commonly planted. Indeed in some cases fine native species 
were first removed, and these less desirable ‘kinds were set out. 
II. Ornamental Plants. 
In addition to the ornamental trees and shrubs already dis- 
cussed, there are numerous native herbaceous plants which are 
well worthy of cultivation. While not many of them lend them- 
selves readily to use in formal flower-beds, all may be used to 
advantage in various nooks and corners, to hide unsightly places, 
such as bogs and sand ridges, to replace weeds along garden 
fences, and to be mingled in fern-beds, either on the north side 
of the house, or in well-shaded rock-ferneries. 
Perhaps the most adaptable of these species are the colum- 
bine, common blue violet, wild phlox, Jacob’s ladder (blue-bell), 
shooting star (Dodecatheon) and lungwort (Mertensia) but even 
these will do better in their natural habitats. For convenience 
the native ornamental herbs are here grouped under their respec- 
tive habitats, which suggest the kind of places in which they 
should be cultivated. 
1. Water—For artificial or natural ponds the most suitable 
species are the yellow pond lily (Castalia) and the white water 
crow-foot (Batrachium). 
