ORNAMENTAL PLANTS. 157 
2. Shaded bogs.—The fringed gentian and greater lobelia 
are well adapted to seepy banks. ae 
3. Open bogs and wet meadows.—For larger bogs the cat- 
tail and Iris are satisfactory, while for smaller boggy places 
the oak-leaved fern (Onoclea), shield-fern (Nephrodium 
thelypteris), Canada lily, the fringed orchis (Blephariglottis) - 
and marsh marigold (Caltha) are very desirable. 
4. Open prairie, etc—The following more or less showy 
species are adapted to open places: red lily (Vagnera stellata),. 
-pasque-flower (Pulsatilla), shooting star (Dodecatheon), downy 
gentian (G. puberula), prairie phlox, horse mint (Monarda), 
both blazing stars (Lacinaria), prairie violet (Viola pedatifida), 
foxglove beard-tongue (Pentstemon), bushy  goldenrod 
(Euthamia), the wild asters (A. novae-angliae, laevis and exi- 
guus) and the two prairie clovers (Kuhnistera). On dry ridges 
the early buttercup (Ranunculus fascicularis) will be attractive 
because of its early flowering. In open sandy places the coryda- 
lis (Capnojdes), blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchiwm) and bird--foot 
violet (Viola pedata) will do well. 
5. Moderate shade—This naturally grades into both the 
preceding and the following groups, and therefore is not sharply 
defined. Its most satisfactory plants are the following: the 
ostrich fern (Struthiopteris), smooth Solomon’s _ seal 
(Salomomia), starry campion (Silene), hepatica, rue-anemone 
(Syndesmon), white virgin’s bower (Clematis), hydrangea, 
common blue violet (Viola papilionacea), spiked willow-herb 
(Chamaenerion), wild phlox (P. diwaricata), lungwort 
(Mertensia), the goldenrods (Solidago speciosa and serotina) 
and Aster shorti. 
6. Deep shade—Plants of this group are best cultivated in 
places suited to our ordinary ferns. Our flora includes the fol- 
lowing: the lady fern (Athyrium), the shield ferns (Nephro- 
dium), bladder fern (Cystopteris fragilis), maiden-hair fern 
(Adiantum), flowering fern (Osmunda) moonwort (Botry- 
chium), bellwort (Uvularia), dogtooth violet (Erythronium),. 
false Solomon’s seal (Vagnera racemosa), the larger species of’ 
Trillium, the ladies’-slippers (Cypripedium), spring beauty 
(Claytonia), false rue-anemone (Isopyrwm), crane’s-bill 
(Geranium), yellow violet (Viola pubescens), the gentians (G. 
