158 FLJRA OF WINNESHIEK COUNTY. 
andrewsii and flavida), Jacob’s ladder (Polemonium), may 
apple (Podophylium), white snake-root (Eupatoriwm ayerat- 
oides) and a goldenrod (Solidago ulmifolia). 
7. Shaded rocky banks.—Most of the species in the preceding 
group may be included here, with the following additional 
species: the early wake-robin (Trillium nivale), nodding wild 
onion (Allium cernuum), both species of Bicuculla, American 
vetch (Vicia), blood-root (Sanguinaria), water-leaf (Hydro- 
phyllum virginicum) and the heart-leaved aster (A. cordifolius). 
The species of the following group may also be planted with the 
foregoing. 
8. Rocky fernery—Well shaded heaps or ledges of lime- 
stone, with scant soil intermingled, will produce very pleasing 
effects. While many of the plants of the two preceding groups 
may be used in such places, the following are especially suit- 
able: the bulb-bearing fern (Cystopteris bulbifera), bishop’s cap 
(Mitella) and wild columbine (Aguwilegia). 
As all the plants here listed as suitable for cultivation are 
perennial, with persisting roots or underground stems, it is 
possible to transplant them from their native habitats. This 
should be done early in the spring before growth has ddvanced, 
or after the plant has matured its fruit. Seed should also be 
collected, and sowed freely in suitable places. This may be 
done immediately upon the maturing of the seed, or the seed may 
be kept until spring. Where the fruit (or seed) is dry it may 
simply be kept in a box or paper in a moderately dry cool place. 
Where the fruit is pulpy it may be set in a cool cellar in a small 
box of sand, which must be kept barely moist, and in the spring 
sand and seed may be scattered. However, in most of these 
cases it will require at least two years. to mature the plant. 
Usually a combination of the two methods, transplanting and 
seeding, will give the best results. In the case of all plants 
which require shade, leaf-mould should be liberally supplied, 
and in all cases some attention must be given to weeds, as they 
will otherwise over-run the wild-flower bed. Blue grass is per- 
haps the most dangerous of these weeds, and is fatal to practic- 
ally all wild flowers. 
