15 



here aud its chief value consists in its arrangement and 

 separation of the plants indigenous from the introduced 

 weeds, thus giving what then appeared to be the plants 

 which came with man or, as he called them, ''Such plants as 

 have sprung up since the English planted and kept cattle 

 in New England." This, with the occasional observations 

 by other writers, gives us a fair idea of what plants had 

 established themselves here rather more than two hundred 

 years ago. According to Professor Tuckerman, the next 

 date by which the student may fix the introduction of 

 foreign species is 1783, when the list of plants observed 

 b}^ Rev. Manasseh Cutler, of Ipswich, was published 

 (Mem. Am. Acad. Vol. I). Since that date observations 

 are more frequent and the more recently introduced 

 species can be traced quite accurately. It is also quite 

 probable that plants which at one time were quite common 

 weeds have disappeared altogether. Dr. Cutler mentions 

 the Amarantus known by the common name of " Prince's 

 Feather" or "Love-lies-bleeding," as "amongst rubbish," 

 but to the present writer's knowledge it is never met with 

 excepting in old-fashioned gardens. The Hyoscyamus 

 niger and Artemisia Absintliiuin ("Wormwood) , spoken of 

 by Dr. Cutler and other earlier writers as common in waste 

 places, are now very rare or unknown. The last mention 

 of Nieotina rustica is by Dr. Osgood in 1853, but it is 

 doubtful if he observed it as late as that ; his observations 

 were very probably made in previous years, aud no one has 

 since noticed it. The introduction of new manufactures 

 is likely to bring with it plants which may be persistent 

 enough in the region where they are introduced but un- 

 known elsewhere. Such is the case at "Tapleyville," 

 Danvers, where, in the vicinity of a carpet factory estab- 

 lished forty years ago, are to be found several species of 



