65 

 Xanthium stnimarmm, L., var. echinatum. (Common Sba- 



COCKLEBUR.) 



Beaches and waste places near the coast, sometimes in the interior, 

 as near the dam at Lawrence and the carpet factory at Tapleyville. 

 Xanthium spinosum, L. (Spring Clotbcr.) 

 Near Flax pond, Lynn (Herbert A. Young, C. E. Faxon). " Intro- 

 duced into Essex county as late perhaps as 1814, earlier authors not 

 mentioning it" (Dr. Chas. Pickering, Chron. Hist. PI. p. 976). 

 (Nat. from Trop. Amer.). 



Rudbeckia laciniata, L. 

 Frequent. Georgetown; " Dark lane, Salem, 1827" (memo. Rev. J. 

 L. Eussell) ; Beverly, etc. " Abundant at Hamilton near Ipswich;" 

 " a noble plant in cultivation " (G. D. Phippen). 



Budbeckia Mrta, i. (Cone-flower.) 

 Introduced from the west and fast becoming common in fields where 

 it is likely to become troublesome. In a letter written July 15, 1875, 

 the late Dr. Chas. Pickering says " R. hirta has entered Essex county 

 since I left in 1826. It was observed in Pennsylvania by Muhlen- 

 berg, by myself near Philadelphia, and is entered on my Catalogue 

 (finished in 1837) as not north of lat. 40°. How far the invasion is 

 attributable to the removal of the forest remains an open question.' 



Helianthus aimuus, L. (Garden Scnflower.) 

 Very common in cultivation, and occasionally spontaneous in waste 

 places a few seasons. (Int. from Trop. Am.) 



Helianthus lenticularis. (A form of H. annuus). 

 Two feet high, fiowers small (l'-3' in diameter) centre black. 

 Tapleyville (J. H. Sears). Introduced with wool. A "double sun- 

 flower" has also been growing for nearly thirty years in a field in 

 Danvers (J. H. Sears). 



Helianthus strumosus, L. 

 Quite common. In damper places than the next. 



Helianthus divaricatus, L. 

 Common in dry thiuly wooded places and along roadsides and walls. 



Helianthus tuberosus, L. (Jerusale-m Artichoke.) 

 Escaped from old gardens along the roadsides. (Adv. from Eu.) 



Coreopsis tinetoria, Nuu. 

 Often cultivated from the west in gardens. Found growing spon- 

 taneously in a field in Wenham, 1876 (Mrs. M. W. Kimball). 



Coreopsis trichosperma, Michx. (Ticksbed Sunflower.) 

 "Occasional in Lynn" (Tracy). Very common in many other 

 towns. The paths iu Wenham swamp in August are golden with 

 the fiowers of this species which often grows to a height of two or 

 three feet, while in other places the plants are but a few inches high. 

 5 



