70 



THE BBa-KESPBR'S GUIDE ; 



ever contribute to our delight, and not sadden us with anxiety 

 and fear. 



The antennae (Fig. IS, a, a) are the horn-like jointed 

 organs situated between, or below and in front of, the large 

 compound eyes of all insects. They are sometimes short, as 

 in the house-fly, and sometimes very long, as in crickets and 

 green grasshoppers. They may be straight, curved, or 

 elbowed. In form they are very varied, as thread-like, taper- 

 ing, toothed, knobbed, fringed, feathered, etc. The antennas 

 of many Hymenopterous insects are elbowed (Fig. 18). The 

 long first joint in this case is the scape, the remaining joints 

 (Fig. 18, F) the flagellum. A large nerve (Fig. 18, n) and a 



Fig. 19. 

 h 



Antennal Sairs. — Original. 



n Nerves. 

 c Cells. 



7i Tooth hairs. 

 «, p Pits or pori. 



Microncopic Structure of Anten- 

 Hce, after Schiemaiz. 



b Hairs of scape. 

 , c Hairs of scape and flagellum. 



trachea (Fig. 18, ^) enter the antenna. The function of the 

 antennae is now pretty well, if not wholly, understood. That 

 they often serve as most delicate touch-organs no observing 

 apiarist can doubt. Tactile nerve-ending hairs are often found 

 in great numbers. With the higher insects, like most Hyme- 

 nopterons, this tactile sense of the antenna is doubtless very 

 important. 



It is now fully demonstrated that the sense of smell is 

 located in the antenuEe. Sulzer, in the eighteenth century, 



