522 GLOSSARY. 



Hybrid — Properly an animal which is a cross between two different spe- 

 cies. A hybrid bee is a cross between two diilerent races ; all the 

 bees except the drones from an Italian queen mated to a black 

 drone will be hybrids; the drones will be pure if the queen is (see 

 Dzierzon theory) . 



Hymenoptera — Order of insects which includes bees, ants and wasps, p. 35. 



Hymettus — A mountain of Greece famed for its delicious honey. 



Hypopharnyx-:- Membrane or curtain connecting the base of the mouth 

 organs. 



Ileum — Small intestine, pp. 89, 145. 



Imago — The mature insect; the last or winged stage of an insect, p. 101. 



Insects — Hexapoda — Class of bee, p. 32. 



Intestine — Digestive tube beyond the stomach, p. 145. 



Introducing — Method of making bees accept a strange queen, p. 311. 



Introducing-Cage — Cage for introducing a queen, p. 312. 



Inverting — Turning a hive, section, case or frame bottom up. Reversing 



is also used, p. 230. 

 Italian Bee — A yellow race from Italy. Every worker-bee has three well 



marked yellow bands, pp. 53, 307. 

 Italianizing — Changing bees from some other race to Italians, p. 306. 



Jaws — Same as mandibles, p. 146. 



Krainer Bees — Bees from Krain, Austria; same as Carniolans, pp. 57, 

 310, 346. 



Labium — Under lip of an insect, pp. 66, 131. 



Labrum — Upper lip of an insect, p. 66. 



Lamp-Nursery — Tin double-walled box used for rearing queens, p. 286. 



Langstroth Frame — Adopted by Mr. Langstroth for his hive ; size 17^^ by 



9>6,p. 215. 

 Langstroth Hive — L. Hive ; hive with frame suspended in a case or box ; 



invented by Kev. L. L. Langstroth, p. 210. 

 Larva — plu. Larvae — Immature bees, p. 98. 

 Laying Worker — Worker-bee that lays eggs, p. 130. 

 Ligula — End of labium ; the tongue in bees, pp. 66, 131. 

 Ligurian Bee — Same as Italian ; named from Liguria, a province in Italy, 



pp. 53, 307. 

 Lining Bees — Noting direction of flight to find bee-tree, etc., p. 262. 

 Loose Frames — Frames not fixed, p. 233. 

 Lora — Part of labium, p. 132. 



Maggot — Footless larva of two-winged flies; often applied to any footless 



larva;. 

 Maiden Swarm — First swarm. 



Malpighian Tubules — Renal tubules attached to the stomach, p. 90. 

 Mandibles — Main jaws of insects, p. 146. 

 Manipulation — Handling. 

 Marriage Flight — Mating of queen, p. 112. 



Mat — Flexible cover to place over brood-frames, made of slats, straw, etc. 

 Maturing Brood — Where the bees are just emerging from the cells. 

 Maxillffi — The second or under jaws of insects, pp. 66, 131. 

 Mel Extractor — Honey extractor, p, 321. 

 Meliput — Honey extractor, p, 321. 

 Mentum — Second joint of labium or under lip, p. 131. 



