ULOTA. 239 



at the base, frequently more deeply on one side, plicate, usually 

 covered with numerous erect yellowish hairs. Ochrea none or 

 indistinct. 



The species of this genus are as a rule easily recognised by 

 their neat rounded cushions usually abundantly fertile, with the 

 leaves in most cases strongly curled when dry, and with the 

 calyptra strikingly hairy. They are most common on the stems 

 and branches of trees in subalpine woods, especially near streams. 

 The different forms are somewhat difficult of determination ; in 

 part because the leaves offer few or no points of distinction 

 between several of the species, partly because the differences in 

 form of the capsules, on which certain of the species have been to 

 a great extent founded, are somewhat slight, and are subject to 

 some amount of variation. As a rule the capsules chosen for 

 examination should be fully ripe, dry, and empty, but not old. 

 Special care is also necessary because two species are very 

 frequently found growing in the same tuft. The capsules are 

 very persistent, and three years' fruits may often be found on the 

 same tuft, in different stages of development. 



I have used the term processes in describing the inner 

 peristome of Zygodon, Ulota, and Orthotrichum, as they are in no 

 way homologous with the cilia (the term by which they are known 

 in most works), as these exist in t,h at of Bryum and other highly 

 developed forms of peristome, but rather with the true processes, 

 being alternate with the outer teeth. 



1. Ulota Ludwigii Brid. (Orthotrichum Ludwigii Brid. ; 



Weissia coarctata Lindb., Braithw. Br. M. Fl.) 



(Tab. XXXIV. D.). 



In small loose tufts, the stems decumbent below, sometimes 

 slightly creeping, dull green or brownish. Leaves erect, when 

 dry lightly twisted but not strongly curled ; from a short ovate 

 concave base narrowly lanceolate, rather shorter than in U. 

 Bruchii and U. crispa, gradually tapering to a rather obtuse 

 point ; margin plane or variously recurved, entire ; nerve narrow, 

 vanishing below the apex, reddish ; upper cells small, rounded- 

 elliptic, very incrassate, slightly papillose ; basal near the nerve 

 narrowly linear-vermicular, highly incrassate, yellowish green or 

 orange ; becoming wider as they recede from the nerve, shortly 

 elliptical-rectangular ; at margin short, rectangular, hyaline, thin- 

 walled, forming a narrow hyaline band narrowing upwards to the 

 top of the leaf-base. Capsule fyriform, pale whitish brown, 



