OF THE SADDLE AND SIRLOIN CLUB 321 



far-sighted generosity contributed to peace with all the adjacent 

 tribes and alone of all the colonies, Pennsylvania suffered no 

 massacres and indulged in no warfare. In 1684, disputes with 

 Lord Baltimore over the boundry line with Maryland, discus- 

 sions that ultimately caused the survey of the Mason-Dixon line, 

 sent both Penn and Baltimore to England, and Penn became 

 involved in the turmoil of the deposition of James II. In 1690 

 he was publicly proclaimed a traitor, and deprived of his Ameri- 

 can property, but after three years hiding, it was restored. In 

 1699 he returned to America, cementing the split in his colony 

 between the warlike and Quaker parties. Two years later he 

 sailed for England, disturbed by the report that proprietary 

 colonies were to be abolished, but the move was thwarted. Affairs 

 in Ireland claimed his attention, and he was defrauded by 

 unscrupulous bookkeeping of much of his property. In 1712 a 

 paralytic stroke impaired his mind, and after six years of faithful 

 care by his second wife, he passed away at Ruscombe, Berkshire, 

 July 30, 1718. 



As a founder of American civilization and democracy, Wil- 

 liam Penn contributed much. While his doctrines of non-resist- 

 ance have been used for selfish purposes many times in the 

 intervening years, his recognition of the rights of the savage, his 

 careful preparation of a liberal government, and his refuge for 

 numerous of the harassed religious thinkers of Europe estab- 

 lished precedents from which the American nation has never 

 departed in principle. The liberality of his viewpoints has been 

 reflected through the centuries that have succeeded him, and to 

 his example may be traced the development of freedom of thought 

 and action in the national commonwealth. 



