DOMESTICATED: MAMMALS OF THE FARM 10g 
raising pigs than by raising sheep or cattle. In our late Civil 
War, hogs early became the main reliance for meat supply for 
the soldiers on both sides. 
The quantity of pork in the 
country at any given time may, 
by raising hogs, be doubled in 
eighteen months. Hogs are 
well nigh omnivorous and are 
gifted by nature with a keen sense of smell, with the aid of 
which they are able to find food that cattle and horses waste. 
So they are usually allowed to run after cattle to convert the 
wasteinto pork. The pigis not naturally a very dirty animal, 
when given a chance to be clean, nor is he hopelessly stupid. 
He can be taught more tricks than many animals that have a 
higher reputation for cleverness. His manners, however, are 
bad. 
These five animals, dog, horse, ox, sheep and pig are as yet 
our main dependence. There are others more or less widely 
kept, like the cat and the ass and the goat and the rabbit; 
but these five are most necessary tous. These illustrate well 
the phenomena of domestication: the many different pur- 
poses served by different beasts, the great differences among 
them in size, in strength, in speed, in habits, in disposition, 
and in products. We do not treat any two kinds of them 
alike, nor in speaking to them, do we use the same words. 
They have affected our sympathies and our habits, enriched 
our language, and conditioned our progress. How individual 
they are: how well known and characteristic are their 
voices. Dogs bark and whine and howl: cats purr and 
mew and yowl: horses whinny and neigh: bulls bellow 
and cows bawl: pigs grunt and squeal: sheep bleat: don- 
keys bray. How characteristic their actions are, also. They 
furnish our most graphic figures of speech. Often in politics 
or in business we hear men accused of shying, of balking, of 
Fic. 52. A quick-growing meat supply. 
