EUPHORBIAOE^. 166 



resembles so many small distinct glands, encircled by cellules in 

 masses to wliicli the resinous contents give a red colour more or less 

 brown or crimson. This sort of coloured flour has served for a long 

 time in India to dye silks ; it was introduced into Europe some years 

 since as the best dye known to the Indians. There are many other 

 plants among the Euphoriiacece with colouring and tinctorial properties. 

 Those which contain the reddish juices we have spoken of, which 

 desiccation renders more or less bluish, like our Mercurialis, 

 are especially of this kind. The best known in Europe is Tourne- 

 solia tinctorial which grows in the region of the Mediterranean, and 

 is cultivated principally at Grand-Gallargues for the manufacture 

 of turnsole with rags. The rags impregnated with juice pressed 

 from this plant are submitted to the action of ammonia, which 

 reddens them ; and the colouring matter then serves for tinting 

 cheese, liqueurs, syrups, and preserves. It has also been pro- 

 posed to prepare turnsole in cakes, MercuriaKs perennis,"^ which 

 colours paper blue, has also been proposed as a dye plant, and the 

 same with M. annualis^ (fig, 177-184); but these slightly active 

 plants are best known at present as laxative medicines,* This 

 property resides in their organs of vegetation, and it is the same 

 with many species of Eupkorbia acting as evacuant remedies. Eu- 

 phorUa Ipecacuanha,^ from North America, is an energetic vomitive, 



' Croton tinctorius L. Spec. lOOi. — Gteisel. de cMm, M. satmage, des bois, de montagne.) 



C'rot. Mon. 68.— DC. Fl. Fr. iii. Sil.—C. ver- ^ M. annua L. Spec. 1465.— DC. Fl. Fr. iii. 



baseifoUus W. Spec, iv. 639. — C patulus Lag. 328. — Gren. et Godk. Fl. de Fr. iii. 99. — 



Nov. Qen. et Spec.iX. — 0, villosus Sibth. et Sm. Eeiche. Ic. Fl. Germ. y. t. 161. — Payee, Or- 



Fl. Orae. t. 961. — C. oblongifoliua Sieb. ex ganog. t. 110. — Gms. op. eit. ii. 3i2. — MoQ. 



Spreng. Syst. iii. 860. — Crozophora iinctoria A. Bot. Med. 34, fig. 3, 4. — H. Bn. Fuphorbiae. 



Juss. Euphorb. t. 7, fig. 25. — Neeb, Gen. ii. t. t. 9, fig. 12-29; in Diet. Encycl. So. MM. p. ii. 



37. — JoLY, Obs. sur Us PI. a coul. bleue. t. 5. — vii. 89. — M. ambigua L. p. Dee. i. 15, t. 8. — 



Rbiohb. le. Fl. Germ. v. t. 52. — Guia. op. eit. M. ciliata Presl, Del. 66. — M. Smtii Hanr. 



ii. 342. — LiNDL. Fl. Med. 178. — Kosenth. op. {Foirolle, Zeuzette, Cagarelle, Samberge, Vignette, 



eit. 837. — M. Arg. Frodr. 748, — C. verbaseifolia Ortie bdtarde, O.morte, Marcois, Mercoret, etc.) 



A. Juss. loc. eit. 28. — 0. integrifolia Bungb, ^ There has sometimes heen employed for the 



Bel. Lehm. 450. — C. Merosolymitcma Speeng. loe. same purpose the M. elliptica Vent, et tomen- 



eit. (Tournesol, Seliotrope, GabbSri, Herhe de torn L. Speengel thinks that the latter must 



Clytie.) he the *i5\Aov of Dioscoride (see H. Bn. in 



3 Mercm-ialis perennis L. Spec. 1465. — ^DC. Diet. Eneycl. So. Med. p. ii. vii. 90. 



Fl.Fr. iii. 328.— Gkbn. et Godr. Fl. de Fr. 'L. Amcen. iii. 117.— Lodd. Sot. Cah. t. 



iii. 99.— Eeiche. Io. Fl. Germ.T.t. 162.— MfeR. Ui5.— Bot. Mag. t. 1794.— Boibb. Frodr. 101. 



et Del. Diet. Mat. Med. iv. 372. — Guib. op. eit. n. 391. — Bigel. Med. Bot. iii. t. 52. — F. gracilis 



ii. 342. — LiNDL. Fl. Med .188. — M. Arg. Frodr. Ell. Slcetoh, ii. 657. — E. portulacoides L. loc. eit. 



796, n. 5. — H. Bn. in Diet. Eneycl. So. Mid. p. ii. — Aniaophyllvm Ipecacuanha Haw. Fl. Suee. 



vii. 90. — M. ovata Host, Fl. Amtr. ii. 666. — 164. 

 M, Oynoerambe Scos. Fl. Camiol. ii. 666. {Chow 



