EUPHOBBIACE^. 171 



Antilles, and especially from tlie Bahamas. Linn-SIUs had confounded, 

 under the name of C. Cascarilla, two perfectly distinct species. One 

 is, according to BennetTj^ the true C. Cascarilla ^ and comes from the 

 Bahamas. The other, yielding a product of secondary quality, is 

 not only found in these islands, but particularly in Cuba, and St. 

 Domingo ; it is the C. lineare? C. Eluteria* a Bahama species, 

 yields actually C. officinalis, or Chacrille, Eleutherian bark, whilst 

 C. Cascarilla only furnishes an insignificant quantity, contrary 

 to what was formerly the case. C. Jlavens^ or C. balsamiferum 

 from Martinique, a species whose leaves are nearly the same as 

 Salvia, furnish a sort of cascarilla, whose properties are analogous 

 to those of C. officinalis; but it never comes now to Europe. C. lucidum ^ 

 yields in Cuba the false Cascarilla of Bahama, and C. niveus^ the 

 Cascarilla of the Trinity, of Cuba, or Copalchi. The Cascarilla barks 

 were at first praised as substitutes for cinchona ; but their febrifuge 

 action seems to be very slight ; they are especially known as 

 tonic, aperient, and antichlorotic. Their use is recommended in cases 

 of diarrhoea of long standing, and they are employed in veterinary 

 medicine to quicken the secretion of milk. Many other species of 

 Croton have stimulant properties ; owing to being, like Cascarilla, rich 

 in essences whose odour and virtues much resemble those observed in 

 Labiates. C. gratissimus ^ from the Cape, furnishes a choice perfume. 

 On the borders of the Amazon, C. adipatus^ and thurifer ^^ yield a 

 sort of incense. In the Antilles, C. humilis is used to prepare 

 aromatic baths. In Martinique, what is called Eau de Mantes 



1 In Jotirii. Linn. Soc. iv. 30. 203 (neo L.). Those stalks yield a balsamic 



2 L. Spec. ed. 3, 1424 (part.). — M. Arg. Frodr. juice, with, a slightly acrid and bitter taste (see 

 616, n. 260. — Daniell, On the Cascarilla and H. Bn. in Diet. Encycl. So. Med. xii. 757, n. 5.) 

 other Spec. . . ., in Pharm. Journ. ser. -2, iv. * L. Amosn. v. 410.— C. pallens Sw. — C. 

 144, 226, t. 3, fig. 1 (nee Lamk.). — C. cascaril- spicatus Bebo. — 0. glanduUferm Vahl. C. 

 hides GrEiSEL. Mon. 8 (part.). — C'lutiu. Cascarilla (^Astrcepsis) Hookerianus H. Bn. {Euphorbiac. 

 L. Spec. 1042 (part.). 363) is a simple form. 



3 jAca. Amer. 257, 1. 162. fig. 4.— Lamk. Diet. ' jAca. Amer. 255, t. 162, fig. 2.— C. Sijrmga- 

 ii. 204.— 6'. hippophasoides A. KicH. Cub. ui. 212. foliusK. B. K.—C. Pseudo-China Sohlohtl, in 

 — Cliitia Cascarilla L. Amcen. v. 411. Distinct Zinnma, iv. 84. — Lind. Fl. Med. 180, n. 362. — 

 from that Species which bears the same name Bosenth. op. cit. 833. — Gtjib. op. eit. ii. 364. 

 (vulg. Satige du Port de la Paix). Humboldt formerly wrongly attributed the 



* Benn. loc. cit. 29. — Dandsli., loc. cit. 4, 1. 1. origin of Copalchi to O. suberosus H. B. K. 



— M. Arg. Prodr. n. 8.— Clwtia Eluteria, L. Spec. » Burch. Trav. ii. 268.— Sond. in LimKea, 



1042 (part.). xxiii. 149. — ^Rosenth. op. cit. 835. — H. Bn. in 



' L. Amcen. t. 410. — ^M. Ars. Prodr. n. 253. — Adansonia, iii. 154. 



C. balsamifer jAca.— C Sichardi W.— C. mticro- ' H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Spec. ii. 68.— M. Arg. 



natm W. — C. tomentosus Link. — C. padifolius Prodi: n. 97. 



Gcms.—C.floeculosus Gbis.— (7. astroites W.—C. '" H. B. K. op. cit. ii. 76 {Ullucina)^ 



Ze?!TOs«« Spbeng. — C. Cascarilla Lamk. Diet. ii. 



