72 The Ornithology of Chester County 



individual in his West Chester-Coatesville Christ- 

 mas census, 1901-02-03 (Bd. Lore). 



Spring arrival — Feb. 16 (1909) — Mar. 19 

 (1905) ; ave. 9 yrs. Mar. 5. 



Fall arrival — Oct. 24 (191 5) — Nov. 22 (1896) r 

 ave. 3 yrs. Nov. 8. 



133- Quiscalus quiscula, quiscula^^ Purple Crack- 

 le, "blackbird," "crow blackbird." Abundant summer 

 resident; not rare resident in mild winters. Gre- 

 garious, nesting in colonies and gathering in im- 

 mense numbers previous to the autumnal flight. 

 Nidification begins Apr. 1 5 ; average date for com- 

 plete set, Apr. 26. Berwyn data on the migration 

 of this bird is unusuallv complete. 



Arrival — Jan 7 (1890) — Mar. 16 (1885); ave. 

 33 yrs. Feb. 27. 



Bulk arriv. — Feb. 13 (1890) — Mar. 27 (1885); 

 ave. 32 yrs. Mar. 9. 



Bulk depart. — Sept. 24 (1891) — Nov. 11 

 (1889) ; ave. 25 yrs. Oct. 20. 



Last seen — Oct. 6 (1887) — Dec. 24 (1889); 

 ave. 32 yrs. Nov. 5. 



134. Quiscalus quiscala esneus Bronzed Crackle. 

 Straggler. Dr. Montgomery took a specimen in 

 East Bradford, Apr. 30, 1889, and Dr. Chapman 

 found one closely approaching this form in a series 

 of skins taken in the breeding season in Chester 

 county by Dr. B. H. Warren and C. W. Roberts. 



135. Pinicola envcleator leucura Pine Crosbeak. 

 Rare winter visitant; occurs only in the most severe 

 weather. Listed by Michener, Warren and Pen- 

 nock. 



