Appendix A 357 



He visited places which had been settled and inhabited for 

 centuries and traversed places which had been travelled 

 by civilized men for years before he followed in their 

 footsteps. But these places were in Spanish colonies, 

 and access to them had been forbidden by the mischievous 

 and intolerant tyranny — ecclesiastical, political, and eco- 

 nomic — ^which then rendered Spain the most backward of 

 European nations ; and Humboldt was the first scientific 

 man of intellectual independence who had permission to 

 visit them. To this day many of his scientific observa- 

 tions are of real value. Bates came to the Amazon just 

 before the era of Amazonian steamboats. He never 

 went off the native routes of ordinary travel. But he 

 was a devoted and able naturalist. He lived an exceed- 

 ingly isolated, primitive, and laborious life for eleven 

 years. Now, half a century after it was written, his 

 "Naturalist on the Amazon" is as interesting and valuable 

 as it ever was, and no book since written has in any way 

 supplanted it. 



Travel of the third category includes the work of the 

 true wilderness explorers who add to our sum of geo- 

 graphical knowledge and of the scientific men who, fol- 

 lowing their several bents, also work in the untrodden 

 wilds. Colonel Rondon and his associates have done 

 much in the geographical exploration of unknown coun- 

 try, and Cherrie and Miller have penetrated and lived for 

 months and years in the wastes, on their own resources, 

 as incidents to their mammalogical and ornithological 

 work. Professor Farrabee, the anthropologist, is a cap- 

 ital example of the man who does this hard and valuable 

 type of work. 



