13+ BRITISH GALLS 



at the base of the bud ; eggs green. Gall opens about 

 the middle of July; the alatae migrate to the Larch. 



Chermes viridis Ratz. 27 



Syn. Adelges viridis Ratz. 



Burdon, Journ. Econ. Biol., 1908, vol. ii., p<~i24. Houard, 

 No. 102. 



Homop- Gall usually terminal, similar to that of A. abieiis, but 

 tera much smaller, about the size of a large pea ; usually pale 

 green with a whitish bloom, the mouths of the cavities 

 seldom coloured. Growth never prolonged beyond the 

 gall. Weak buds on poorly grown shoots are chiefly 

 attacked. Aphis black, becorning greenish-brown in spring, 

 seated on the bud ; eggs yellow or greenish-yellow. The 

 galls open about the middle of June ; the alatae migrate to 

 the Larch. (Plate X. 2.) 



Chermes strobilobius Kalt. 28 

 Syn. Adelges strobilobius Kalt., Cnaphalodes strobilobius 

 Kalt. 



Connold, Plant Galls, fig. 1 12, a. Burdon, Journ. Econ. 

 Biol., 1908, vol. ii., p. 124. Houard, No. 94. 



Picea orientalis. Oriental Spruce. 

 " Gall terminal, elongated; usually one side only of the 



shoot is affected, and it becomes curved. The swollen 

 bases of the needles do not usually, fuse together to form 

 definite cavities. Greenish -yellow with reddish hairs on 

 the swollen parts. The shoot grows beyond the attacked 

 part. Aphis dark brown, becoming yellowish-brown, 

 seated.on the stem a little distance bdop the bud ; eggs 

 browiiish-yellow. According to Cholodkovsky, the inter- 

 mediate hosts of this species are Pitius sylvestris and 

 P, sirobus, 



Chermes sibiricus Cholod. 29 



Syn. Adelges sibiricus Cholod. 



Abies pectinata D. C. Common Silver Fir. 

 Fungi Fusiform cankered swelling on the branches, with a 



mass of erect twigs bearing stunted yellowish leaves grow- 

 ing upon it. The aecidia are produced only on the leaves 

 of the " witch's broom," not on the swollen branch. The 

 teleutospore form occurs on species of Cerastium. 

 (Plate XVI L) 



Aecidial stage of Melampsora cerastii Persoon 30 



Syn. Uredo caryophyllacearum Johnst., Peridermium 

 elatinum Wallr. 



Plowright, p. 248. Connold, Plant Galls, fig. 113. 



Lariz europaea D. C. Common Larch. 

 Homop- Needles bent, often at right angles, discoloured and 

 tera swollen, with a dark brown woolly aphis seated in the 



