FAMILY, I— PERCID^. 95 



side of the middle of the upper jaw, in a narrow band in a j^^-form on the vomer, and also on the palatines, 

 occasionally absent from the latter bone,, and in some specimens from the former. Fins — dorsal spines weak, 

 the fourth and fifth the highest and equal to rather more than the length of the postorbital portion of the head, 

 from thence they slightly decrease to the last which nearly equals the height of the first ray, these latter being shorter 

 than the longest spine : pectoral slightly longer than the head, pointed, and reaching to below the first dorsal 

 ray. Second anal spine* of equal length to, or slightly shorter than the third : caudal lunated. Colours — 

 yellowish-red along the back, becomiug rosy below the lateral-Une : dark olivaceous stripes along the rows of 

 scales above the lateral-line, but having a more yellow-tinge below it : pectoral, ventral, and anal orange, dorsal 

 and caudal yellowish edged with black. 



A coloured figure, eight inches long, exists in Sir Walter Elliot's collection, labelled Mette mirrei, Gcesio ? 



Habitat. — Coromandel coast of India, Malay Archipelago, attaining at least 16 inches in length. The 

 specimen figured is 9 inches long. 



3. Cssio cuning. 



Sparus cuning, Bloch, t. 2G3, f. 1 ; Lacep. iv, p. 115. 

 Cichla cuning, Bl. Schn. p. 336. 



Gcesio erythrog aster, (Kuhl. and v. Hass.) Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 442, pi. 166 ; Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiii, 

 Msenid. p. 9, and Atl. Ich. Perc. t. xxxiv, f. 3, and Revis. Ceesio, p. 8 ; Kner, Novara Eische, p. 64. 

 Casio cuning, Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 444 ; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 390. 

 Odontonectes erythrogaster, Giinther, Gatal. i, p. 265. 



B. vi, D. ia, P. 20, A. ^, C. 17, L. 1. 63, L. tr. 7/13, Vert. 10/14, Csec. pyl. 5. 



Length of head 4/19 to 1/5, of caudal 1/4, height of body 4/15 to 2/7 of the total length. Eyes — diameter 

 1/4 of length of head,, and 3/4 to 1 diameter from end of snout, and 1^ apart. The upper maxilla reaches to 

 slightly behiud the vertical from the front edge of the orbit. Preopercular angle rounded and finely serrated. 

 Teeth— vHMoTm in jaws, small ones on vomer, and mostly some deciduous ones on the palatine bones. Fins — 

 dorsal spines slender and flexible, the fourth the longest. Second and third anal spines of nearly the same 

 height, and equal to 1/3 of the length of the head : caudal deeply forked. Colov/rs — ^bluish-green superiorly 

 becoming rosy along the abdomen. 



Dr. Jerdon observes, " I once procured a specimen 18 inches long of this handsome fish, which the 

 fishermen called Gul kilohi. Tarn., but which did not appear well known to them, D. ii, A. -fy." Madr. J. L. and 

 Science, 1851, p. 133. The late Col. Tickell also considered he obtained it in Burma. It is very probable that 

 it is found in the seas of India, although I have not obtaiued specimens from thence. 



Halitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



3. Csesio chrysozona, Plate XXIV, fig. 5, (var. (mroUneatus.) 



(Kuhl. and v. Hass) Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 440 ; Bleeker, Msenid. p. 9, and Atl. Ich. Perc. t. xxix, f. 2, 

 and Revis. C8esio,.p. 19; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 392 ; Kner. Novara Eische, p. 65. 

 GcBsio striatus, Bleeker, Batav. p. 521. 

 Pristipomatoides oMrolineatus, Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, p. 937 (variety). 



B. vi, D. ^j^, P. 19, V. 1/5, A. TT?T^, C. 15, L. 1. 72, L. tr. 8/16. 



Length of head 4^, of caudal 2/9, height of body 4j'in the total length. Fyes — ^upper margin close to the 

 profile, diameter 2| in the young to 3f ia the adult in length of head, 3/4 of a diameter apart, 1/2 to 1 diameter 

 from end of snout. Body rather elongated and compressed. Lower jaw the longer ; the maxilla extends to 

 below the anterior third of the orbit. Preorbital long, narrow, and at least three times as long as wide, and with 

 elevated striae upon it. Preopercle wide, its horizontal wider than its vertical limb ; both striated at their edges, 

 and irregularly serrated, in the adult the angle is rather produced. Opercle with a moderately developed spine. 

 Fins — dorsal spines weak, third and fourth the longest, and equal to half the height of the body : iaterspiaous 

 membrane very slightly emarginate : rays of about equal length. Pectoral reaching to opposite the anus. Eirst 

 anal spine one-quarter the length of the second, which is of equal strength but slightly shorter than the third, 

 which equals the height of the second in the dorsal fin. Caudal deeply lobed, the lower being the largest and 

 longest. Scales — ctenoid, a few rows of scales along the bases of the dorsal and anal fins. Colours — ^bluish with 

 a golden band along the lateral-line and a black one on either lobe of the caudal : a black spot in the axilla. In 

 G. amrolineatus, above the lateral-line it is of a light lake colour : from the eye to the base of the caudal below 

 the lateral-line exists a shining golden band, three scales deep anteriorly, decreasing to one posteriorly : below 

 this band pinkish- white : caudal lobes tipped with black. 



A figure nearly five inches in length exists amongst Sir W. Elliot's drawings, labelled, Nat. size, Peroom 

 TiilcM and Woongooni ? 



The colours of G. chrysozona, K. v. H. given in Bleeker's Atl. Ich. Perc. xxix, fig. 2, are blue instead 

 of a lake colour, and it has a narrow yellow band along the back close to the base of the dorsal fin, D. ^^^^, 

 A. y\-, L. 1. 65. In a fine specimen in the British Museum the height of the body is 2/9 of the total length, 



* The proportionate strength of the second anal spine to that of the third, Varies:— out of six specimens, in my collection frcia 

 6 to 10 inches in length, in two the former is the stronger. 



