184 ACAITTHOPTERTGn. 



side. Colows — gray, becoming silvery-wHte on tlie abdomen : a steel-blue opercnlar spot: upper two-thirds 

 of first dorsal nearly black : otter fins yellow. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago, attaining at least 10 inches in length. 



Genns, 2 — Scijina, (Artedi) Guv. 



JoJmms, Bloch : Corvina and StelUfer, Cuv. : Sola, sp. Ham. Buch. : Ldostorrms, Cnv. and Val. : 

 Goracinas, Pall. : Momoprion, Holb. : Arriblyodon, (Raf.) Gir. : Ghdlotrema, v. Tsch. : Oenyonemus, Flagioscion, 

 Sciwnops, Bairdiella, Saplomodotus, HMnoscion and Ophioscion, GiU. : Diplolepis, Steind. : Pseudosciqmja, Bleeker. 



BroMchiostegals seven : pseudobrancMcB. Body ohlong, rather elongated, and com/pressed. Eyes of moderate 

 size. Interorbital space rather broad cmd slighiVy convex. Snout rounded, sometimes overham^vng the upper jam, 

 which last is longer than the lower, or both are of equal length.* No central barbel below the symphysis of the lower 

 jaw. Teeth vilUform,, with a/a outer enlarged row in the premaidllaries, and sometimes the inner row m the mandibles 

 enlarged. No distinct canines. Two dorsal fins, the first with 9-10 spines, a/nd connected at its base to the second 

 which is of moderate length (23-32 rays). Anal with one or two spines. Scales ctenoid or cycloid, extending over the 

 head and snout, and generally more or less present on the vertical fins and on that of the tail. Air-vessel present.'f 

 Pyloric appendages in moderate vmmibers m few. 



Pores or the orifices of muciferous canals are found in most of the species of this genus, identically as 

 described in JJmbrina. But a few, evidently approaching towards Otolithus, have some or aU absent from 

 both jaws. 



In one species, Scicena albida, a small, though distinct barbel, is present at the anterior of the lateral open 

 pores on the lower jaw. Whether very great stress ought to be laid upon whether the scales are ctenoid or 

 cycloid appears open to doubt. (See S. carutta, 8. gloMous.') 



This genus has been subdivided by Bleeker into the following : 1. Pseudoscioena, in which the inner 

 row of teeth in the lower jaw is distinctly larger than those external to it : 2. Johnius, destitute of any enlarged 

 row of teeth in the lower jaw. 



SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES. 

 A. An enlarged inner row of teeth in the lower jaw. (Pseudoscicena.) 



1. Scicma Bleekeri, D. 10 | ^, A. f , L. 1. 60, L. tr. 11/18. Eyes, diameter 1/5 of length of head. 

 Second anal spine weak, 1^ diameters of the orbit in length. Gray, with a dark axiEary spot. First dorsal 

 gray, fins edged with gray. Bombay. 



2. Saimna miles, D. 9-10 | ^.■^, A. f, L. 1. 60, L. tr. 8/16. Byes, diameter 2/9 to 1/5 of length of head. 

 Second anal spine very strong and balf the length of the head. Silvery, outer edges of vertical fins sometimes 

 gray. Seas of India. 



3. Scicena Yogleri, D. 10 | ^.■^, A. f , L. 1. 50, L. tr. 6/14. Eyes diameter 2/9 to 3/14 of length of 

 head. Second anal spiae weak, as long as the eye. SUvery, first dorsal dark. Seas of India to the Malay 

 Archipelago. 



4. 8ci(ma sina, D. 10 | ^l^, A. -f, L. 1. 62. Eyes, diameter 1/4 of length of head. Second anal spine 

 weak, 2/7 of length of head. Seas of India. 



6. Sciima auja, D. 10 | ^1-^, A. f , L. 1. 50. Eyes, dianieter 1/6 of length of head. Second anal spine 

 very strong, as long as the head behind the middle of the eyes. Oblique dark streaks above the lateral-line 

 and horizontal ones below it. Estuaries of Ganges and Siam. 



6. Scicena coitor, D. 10 | ^:|^, A. f, L. 1. 65. Eyes, diameter from 1/4 to 2/11 of length of head. 

 Second anal spme strong, and as long as the postorbital portion of the head. Silvery. Large rivers of India 

 and Burmah. ° 



7. SaWa axillaris,-D. 10 | ^1^, A. -f, L. 1. 60, L. tr. 6-7/14. Eyes, diameter 1/4 of length of head. 

 Second anal spine strong, 2^ m the length of the head. SUvery, upper two-thirds of first dorsal black, a dark 

 axillary spot. Seas of India. 



8. Scicena albida, D 9-10 | „i^, A. f, L. 1. 52, L. tr. 7/18. Eyes, diameter 1/4 to 1/7 of length of head. 

 Second anal spme strong half as long as the head. SHvery, a diffused opercular blotch. Seas of Lidia. 



9 Sctmna diacanthus D. 10 ^l^, A. f, L. 1. 62, L. ti-. 7/18. Eyes, diameter 2/9 to 1/6 of length of 

 head. Second anal spme 2| m the length of the head. Brownish-gray superiorly, sUvery below. Upp?r half 

 of body, dorsal, and caudal fins spotted m the immature. Seas of India to the Malay Archipelaffo 



10. Scicena aneus, D. 10 | ^^, A. i, L. 1. 60, L. tr. 8-9/18. Eyes, diameter 1/4 to 4^ L the length of 

 head Lower jaw the longer. Second anal spme weak, from 3/4 to 1 diameter of the orbit in length. sSvery, 

 first dorsal gray. Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



11. Scicena maculata,!) 10 | ^ A. f , L. 1. 45-48, L. tr. 8A6. Eyes, diameter 4i to 1/5 of length of 

 Seas of InZ '^"'' ' "^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^°^^ ^^^^ ^^^' sometimes interrupted. 



19 c • » 7 "^" ^° ^"i^yged inner row of teeth in the lower jaw. (Johnius.) 



12. ScuBna Belengert,B. 9 | ^^, A. f , L. 1. 52, L. tr. 6/14. Eyes, diineter 3i to 3| of length of head. 

 fri;tr;el|o" '"'*' °' '^^'- «^^*--^°-^. -^ ^^^ -^cal fins nearl/bW. SeS t^Tt 



fores on ZZ?. 3eKe VmpS'^L'°3^^ ^'^'^ *° «-- ^^'^ -* -^^ - *- -^-t, tut in the 



t Stated to be absent in some American species. 



