206 ACANTHOPTERTGII. 



Variety (? A. Bussumieri, C. and V. x, p. 201) with numerous rather undulating narrow brown bands, 

 the intermediate colour being bluish. Dorsal and anal fins with three or four longitudmal bands : a light band 



across the base of the caudal. r., o ■ t. • 



A. mata, has been separated from A. matoides owing to the upper profile of its snout not being so convex, 

 and to the distance of its nostrU from the edge of the npper jaw equalling 1/2 (instead of 2/3) the length of 

 the head. The affinities are so great that probably they might with justice be considered vanetaes. _ 



EaUtat.—Be& Sea, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. The specimen figured (7j inches in 

 length) was taken at Madras, it is said to attain 18 inches in length. 



8. Acanthurus Celebicus. 



Bleaker, Celebes, iii, p. 761 ; Giinther, Catal. iii, p. 339 ; Kner, Novara Fische, p. 211. 

 ? Acanthurus fusmis, Steind. Verb. z. b. Ges. Wien, 1861, p. 176, t. v.; Giinther, Catal. iii, p, 339 

 (? adult). 



B. y, D. ^;|^, P. 16, V. 1/5, A. ^, C. 16. 



Length of head 4f , of caudal 3|, height of body nearly 1/3 in the total length. ^!/es— diameter about 

 3| in the length of head. Profile of snout concave. TeeiA— about 16 lobate incisors in the upper and 20 in 

 the lower jaw. Fins — last dorsal spine the longest : dorsal and anal rays of about the same height and equal to 

 about 2| in that of the body, the posterior extremity of both fins obtusely rounded. Ventral and caudal lobes 

 pointed. Scales — small, ctenoid, but much larger than in A. matoides or A. mata, there being about 80 rows. 

 Colows — ^brownish, darkest about the head, lips black, a white ring round the mouth. Dorsal, anal, and ventral 

 fins blackish brown : outer half of pectoral yeUowish. Caudal blalckish, posteriorly yellowish. 



Halitai. — Malay Archipelago. Kner states that he received a single specimen from Madras. 



9. Acanthurus melannras. 



Cuv. and Val. x, p. 240 ; Bleeker, Amb. and Ceram, p. 271. 

 Acronourus melanurus, Giinther, Catal. iii, p. 346. 



B. V, D. ^!^, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. A> C. 16. 



Length of head 2/7, of caudal 1/5, height of body 1/2 the total length or 2/3 of that of the oval portion. 

 Fyes — diameter 2i in the length of head, 1 diameter from end of snout (see p. 202). Fins — second dorsal spine 

 longest and strongest, being nearly equal to 1 diameter of the orbit. Caudal cut square or slightly emargiriate. 

 Scales — rudimentary or absent. Golours — ^brownish- white with a black band over the occiput and another over 

 the free portion of the tail. From the whole of the space below the eye and opercle a silvery band passes 

 downwards to the chest. One specimen has a dark mark on the shoulder. 



As the longest specimen I could obtain is only 1-j- inches in length it appears reasonable to believe that 

 this may be the fry of some known form as A. matoides, of which I have small specimens, giving the following : 



1. Acanthurus m.elairmrus, 1^ inches long 



2. Acanthurus melanurus, \\ „ 



3. Acamthurus m.atoides, 2\ „ 



4. Acamthurus matoides, 2x „ 



height of body 1/2 of the total length. 



91 

 )) *^ jj )) 



» "a !> )) 



In Cuv. and Val. this species is said to come from Pondicherry and to be obtained up to 2 inches in 



length. It is also found in the Malay Archipelago. 



Acanthwrus melas, Cuv. and Val. x, p. 241, appears to be the same, but having the colours of A. matoides. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



B. Broad teeth fixed in the jaws : 8 or 9 dorsal spines : ventrals not folly developed. 



10. Acanthurus hepatns. 



Teuthis hepatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 507; Gmel. Linn, i, p. 1362. 



Acanthurus hepatus, Bl. Schn. p. 211 ; Cuv. and Val. x, p. 183, pi. 288 ; Bleeker, Floris, p. 325 ; Giinther, 

 Catal. iii, p. 341. 



Acamthurus thewthis, Lacep. iv, pp. 549, 553. 

 B. V, D. „?^, P. 15, V. 1/2, A. ^, C. 17. 



r ^. P^o?*^.°^ ^^^ ^/^' °^ ''^'"^^^ 1/^' ^^i&^* °f ^ody 2f in the total length, ^yes— diameter 1/5 of length 

 of head, 3^ diameters from end of snout, and 2 apart. Upper profile of head rather convex. Preopercle 

 entire. Teeth-six lobate incisors on either side of both the upper and lower jaws. Fins— \ast dorsal spine 

 higher than the first ray, beyond wHch the height of the rays gradually diminishes, the end of the fin being 

 rather angular ; the mterspmons membrane scarcely emarginate. Pectoral 4/5 the length of the head. Ventral 

 spme strong, nearly 1/2 as long as the head, its inner ray also spinate at its commencement, but having a 

 bifurcated rayed extremity. Caudal emarginate, its outer rays being prolonged. Scales— the dermal productions 

 are stellate and rough about 12 rows exist between the lateral-line and the base of the last dorsal spine ; none 

 on the fins Lancet-shaped spme on side of tail, without any exposed posterior process. CoZ(mrs-slatey-giay 

 along the back, becoming dashed with brownish-gray along the abdomen. A deep brown band ascends from 

 the postenor-superior angle of the eye, and passing backwards gradually widens until below the fifth or sixth 



