230 ACA]!rrHOPTEETGII. 



SYNOPSIS OP SPECIES. 



1. Chfrrinemus Sancti-Petri,!). 7 | T«iTT>A.2 | Tsly^. Height ofbody4i to 4| in teetotal length Maxilla 

 readies to below Hnd edge of orbit. No enlarged teeth:, in a tnangnlar patch on the vomer elongated 

 posteriorly. Dorsal spines flattened and do not oveflap in the adnlt. Scales. lanceolate ai^ pointed. A single 

 row of dark blotches above the lateral-line and sometimes a second below it : summit of soft dorsal black. Bed 

 Sea, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. , , ^ . ,, j. . n .i -,«• .,, 



2. Ghmnerrms moadetta, D. 7 | ^, A. 2 | -tsItj- Height of body 5i m the total length. Maxilla reaches 

 to below last third of orbit. Canine-like teeth in front of either jaw : an elongated oval i»tch on vomer. 

 Dorsal spines rounded and overlap. Scales like needles lying close together. A single row of dark blotches 

 above the lateral-liue : summit of soft dorsal black. Seas of India. ,, -ii- .,, 



3. Ghorinemns lyscm, D. 7 | t»1^, A. 2 | yyly^. Height of body 1/4 of the total length. Maxilla reaches 

 to beyond the hind edge of the orbit. No enlarged teeth in jaws : m a triangular spot on vomer, having a 

 posterior prolongation. Dorsal spines overlap. Scales lanceolate ; six or eight large, round, gray marks on the 

 side : summit of soft dorsal black. Eed Sea, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



4. Ghorinemus tala, D. 7 | Jg^, A. 2 | JL- Height of body 3| in the total lengtti. l&xiUa reaches to 

 below hind edge of the eye. Strong canines in either jaw : in a quadrangular patch of vJkEorm ones on the 

 vomer. Dorsal spines overlap. Scales lanceolate and pointed. A row of dark spots along the sides. Summit 

 of second dorsal black. Seas of India. 



5. Ghorinemus toloo, D. 7 | -^l-^, A. 2 | Trixs- Height of body 3* to 3f in the total length. Maxilla 

 reaches to nearly or quite below the hind edge of the eye. No enlarged teeth in the jaws : ma triangular patch 



,on the vomer. Dorsal, spiues overlap. Scales lanceolate. A row of dark spots along the sides. Vertical fins 

 darkish. Seas of India to the Andainans. 



1. Ghorinemus Sancti-Petri. 

 Cuv. and Val. viii, p. 379, pi. 236; Bleeker, Makr. p. 45; Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, p. 136; Peters, 

 Wieg. Arch. 1855, p. 245 ; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 473 (part). 

 Thynnus MoVuceendSj Gronov. ed. Gray, p. 121. 

 Scomberoides sancti-petri, Bleeker, Bintang, 1868, p. 4. 



B. viii, D. 7 I rw^^, P. 17, V. 1/5, A. 2 | ^^, G. 15. 



Length of head 5i to 5f , of pectoral 4 J, of caudal 4|, height of body 4|- to 4f in the total length. Eyes— 

 diameter one-fourth to 4| in length of head, 1 to_ 1-|- diameters from end of snout, and also apart. Greatest 

 width of head equals 2/5 of its length, and its height its length posterior to the hind nostril. Profile above orbit 

 slightly concave. The maxilla reaches to beneath the hind edge of the orbit, it is concealed by the preorMtal 

 except in the last third of its course. Central longitudinal crest on the skull scarcely elevated. Angle of 

 preopercle slightly produced. Teeth — ^in several viUiform rows anteriorly in both jaws, becoming a single one in 

 the last 2/3 of the premaxillaries : in two rows in the lower jaw : in a triangular patch, elongated posteriorly, on 

 the vomer : in a pyriform band, largest anteriorly, oh the palatines, and also on the tongue. Fins — ^the spines of 

 the first dorsal are flattened, laterally expanded into a lanceolate form, and have a keel along their centre : in 

 the adult one spine does not extend so far as to the base of the next before it, but they slightly overlap in the 

 young. Second dorsal commences midway between the snout and the front nostril, its first portion is elevated 

 and equals 4/9 of that of the body, and is 1/5 higher than the commencement of the anal. Ventral reaches half 

 way to the anal. Caudal deeply lobed. Scales — ^lanceolate and pointed in their exposed portions, which have a 

 line along their centre and the posterior part depressed, behind the exposed lanceolate portion each scale ends in 

 a narrow pedicle rather more than half its entire length. In the young they are not quite so pointed and when 

 removed appear much like a spoon. Lateral-line — makes an obtuse angle opposite the middle of the pectoral fin, 

 from thence it gradually slopes downwards, becoming straight beneath the first dorsal ray. Colours — a bluish- 

 gray spot on the opercle, and a row of from 6 to 8 dark blotches above the lateral-line,: sometimes, more 

 especially in the adult, a second row beneath it. Summit of soft dorsal black. 



Habitat. — ^Red Sea, East coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. It attains 

 at least 20 inches in length. 



2. Ghorinemus moadetta, Plate LI, B. fig. 1. 



Scomber tol parah, RusseU, Fish. Vizag. ii, p. 29, pi. 138. 



Ghormenms moadetta, Cuv. and Val. viii, p. 382 ; Riipp. N. W. Fische, p. 45 ; Klunz. Verb. z. b. Ges. 

 Wien, 1871, p. 448. 



Ghorinemus tol, Cuv. and Val. viii, p. 385 ; Cantor, Catal. p. 119 ; Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, 

 p. 136 ; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 473 ; Day, Pish. Malabar, p. 93 ; Kner, Novara Fische, p. 162. 



Ghorimenms Saneti-Petri, Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 473 (pt.) ; Day, Fish. Malabar, p. 95. 



B. viii, D. 7 I Jr, P- 19, V. 1/5, A. 2 | ^l^, C. 17. 



Length of head 5f to 5|, of caudal 6^, height of body 5i in the total length. %es— diameter 4^ to 

 one-fifth in length of head, Ii diameters from end of snout, and also apart. Dorsal profile rather more convex 

 than that of the abdomen, and rather concave above the orbits, the central and lateral ridges on the summit of 



