FAMILY, XVI— OAEANGID^. 243 



Eahitai. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond ; the specimen figured (life-size) is from 

 Madras. 



11. Equula fasciata, Plate LI, C. fig. 2. 



Zeus ka/rah, Enssell, Ksh. Vizag. i, p. 51, pi. 66. 



CJwpea fasciata, Lacep. v, p. 463. 



EqvMla fiUgefra, longispinis and carah, Cuv. and Val. x, pp. 92, 94, 95, pi. 284. 



Eqmla fasciata, Cut. and Val. x, p. 96 ; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 498 ; Day, Fish. Malabar, p. 106 ; Kner, 

 Novara Fische, p. 167; Klunz. Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien, 1871, p. 467. 



Equula filigera, Cuv. Mem. Mus. i, p. 402, pi. 23, f . 1 ; Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 260 ; Cantor, Catal. 

 p. 150; Bleeker, Makr. p. 79; Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, p. 138. 



Eqimla setigera, Agass. Poiss. Foss. v, p. 24, t. B. 



Leiognathus fasciatus, Bleeker, Bintang, 1868, p. 5. 



B. V, D. ^, P. 19, V. 1/5, A. -j^, C. 17, Ccec. pyl. (3). 



Length of head 4 to four and a fourth, of caudal 4, height of body 2^ in the total length. Eyes — 

 diameter 1/3 of length of head, 3/4 to 1 diameter from end of snout, and nearly 1 apart. Dorsal profile 

 rather more convex than the abdominal. A concavity over the occiput. Interorbital cavity nearly 

 twice as long as wide, the posterior limb of premaxiUary equals 2/3 of the length of the head. A pair of 

 spines above the anterior-superior angle of the orbit. Orbital edge not serrated. The distance between the 

 outer edges of the orbital spines equals 2| in the length of the head. The maxilla reaches to below the first 

 third of the eye. Lower edge of preopercle nearly straight, and very finely serrated. Mandibula slightly 

 concave inferiorly. Teeth — in a single row in the upper jaw : in villiform bands in the lower. Fins — dorsal 

 spines of moderate strength, the second elongated, usually about 4/5 as high as the body, the third and fourth 

 serrated anteriorly. Pectoral as long as the head excluding the snout. Ventral reaches 3/4 of the way to the 

 anal. Second anal spine strong, equalliag about 2/5 of the height of the body, but sometimes much longer. 

 Caudal forked. Free portion of the tail about as high as long. Scales — cover body, absent or exceedingly 

 indistinct on the chest. Lateral-line — consists of about 65 tubes, it ceases just before the base of the caudal fin. 

 Colours — silvery, with irregular vertical streaks on the body. 



Sabitat. — Red Sea, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



12. Equula oblonga. 



? Scomber eqmila, var. Forsk. p. 58. 



Eqmda ollonga, Cuv. and Val. x, p. 85 ; Bleeker, Makr. p. 84 ; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 502 ; Day, Fish. 

 Malabar, p. 106 ; Klunz. Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien, 1871, p. 467. 



Eqwida herhis, Cuv. and Val. x, p. 85. 



B. V, D. ^?r^, P. 16, V. 1/5, A. ^l^, C. 16. 

 Length of head 4 to 4^ of caudal 5^, height of body 3i to 4 in the total length. Eyes — diameter 1/3 of 

 length of head, 1 diameter from end of snout, and 1 apart. Abdominal profile rather more convex than that of 

 the back. Snout rather pointed. Posterior limb of preopercle equal to 6^ in the total length : an interorbital 

 cavity much longer than wide. Orbital edge not serrated : two spines above the anterior edge of the eye : 

 the distance between the outer edges of orbital spines equals half the length of the head. Lower preoperciilar 

 edge finely serrated. Lower edge of mandible slightly concave. Teeth — in a single row in either jaw. 

 Fims — dorsal spines moderately strong, the second equal to 2/3 the height of the body. Pectoral 4/7 of the 

 length of the head. Ventral reaches 2/3 of way to anal, the second spine of which latter fin equals 1/2 the 

 height of the body. Caudal forked. Scales— Yeij minute, none on chest. Colours — grayish on the back, 

 becoming silvery below : a silvery band along the side, irregular angular bands over the back to as low as the 

 lateral-lioe. 'No black on the dorsal fin. 



Sabitat. — Red Sea, seas of India to Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



Genus, 12 — Gazza, Riipp. 



Equula, sp. Cuv. and Val. 



Branchiostegals five : pseudolranchice. Body ollong, elevated, and compressed. Mouth very protractile. 

 Lower preop&rcula/r margim, serrated. Teeth, a pair of canines in the upper, a conical row in the lower jaw. A single 

 dorsal Jm, hawing less spimss (8) tham, rays (16) : anal vrith three spines contiMuous with the soft portion which has 

 less rays (14) than the soft dorsal : nofmlets. Lateral-line umarmed. 



These fishes were included by Cuv. and Val. with the Eqvmla as one genus, Riippell observing their 

 strong teeth and the presence of canines, separated them, but Kner has again considered them as one genus. 



Geographical distribution. — Red Sea, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES. 



1. Gazza mimuta. Length of head 3|, height of body 2\ to 2\ in the total length. Dorsal spines 2i 

 in height of body. Silvery, axilla black. Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



