FAMILY, XIX— SCOMBEID^. 253 



readies to below tlie tentli dorsal spine. Anal similar to second dorsal, it commences on tte vertical betind its 

 last. ray. . Caudal with pointed lobes. Scales — ^f ormiag a corselet anteriorly, whioh. extends from tbe base of 

 the pectoral along the whole length of that of the spinous dorsal. Colours — back bluish, becoming silvery on 

 the sides and beneath. Four or five concave, longitudinal, dark bluish bands pass along the lower half of the 

 abdomen posteriorly, ending on the lateral-line below the finlets. 



I have not seen this species in India, but in Cuv. and Val. it is observed that it has been received from 

 that locality. 



• Habitat. — Indian and Atlantic Oceans ; attaining a considerable size. 



3. Thynnus macropterus. 



Temm. and Schleg. Fauna Japon. Poiss. p. 98, pi. 61 ; Bleeker, Makr. p. 37. 

 B. vii, D. 14 I -i^ + ix, P. 31, V. 1/5, A. 12 + ix, C. 28. 



Length of head and height of body each 3|- in the distance between the snout and the centre of the 

 posterior margin of, the caudal fin. Eyes — diameter 1/5 of length of head, 1^ diameters from end of snout, and 

 also apart. Maxilla reaches to below the first third of the eye : lower jaw a little the longer. Preopercle with 

 its posterior margin somewhat irregular in shape, angle pretty well developed, the length of its vertical 1/3 

 longer than its horizontal margin. Teeth — in a fine single row in either jaw, in an angular patch prolonged 

 posteriorly on the vomer, and in a band on the palatines. Fms — ^the anterior dorsal spines equal about 2^ in the 

 height of the body : second dorsal considerably longer than the spinous and falciform. Pectoral nearly or quite 

 as long as the head. Anal similar to soft dorsal Caudal with pointed lobes. Corselet with three distinct 

 posterior prolongations, the upper commencing below the seventh dorsal spine, is continued along the base of 

 the two dorsal fins : the second ceases below the eleventh dorsal spine, and a little above the middle of the 

 body : the lowest extends along the abdomen to midway between the end of the ventral and commencement 

 of the anal. A well developed keel on the lateral-line commencing from opposite the tenth finlet. Golows — 

 grayish along the back becoming silvery below, tips of soft dorsal and anal, as well as the finlets, yellow. 



Amongst the specimens sent me by Sir Walter EUiot is the one described above, it is a skin 27 inches 

 long and probably Jerdon's specimen from TeUicherry. This is " Thynnus (Orcynus) ? Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 

 1851, p. 136." Dr. Giinther observes of T. macropterus that it is closely allied to, and perhaps identical with, 

 T. albaeora, Lowe, P. Z. Soc. 1839, p. 77, and Trans. Z. S. ui, p. 4. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to Japan. 



Genus, 3 — Pblamys, Ova), amd Val. 



Gymnosarda and Orcynopsis, Gill. 



Branchiostegals seven: pseudobrancMce. Body rather elongate and slightly compressed. Cleft of mouth 

 deep. Bather strong teeth in jams, none on vomer, present on palatines. Two dorsal fms, the spines feeble, or of 

 moderate strength, finlets behind soft dorsal cmd anal fins. Scales small, those in the anterior portion of the body 

 form a hind of corselet. Lateral-Une unarmed, a longitudinal keel along either side of the free portion of the tail. 

 Air-vessel absent. Pyloric appendages dendritical. 



SYNOPSIS or INDIVIDUAL SPECIES. 



1. Pelamys OrientaUs, D. 18 | -^ -f- viii, A. -5^ -f vi. About eight longitudinal blue lines pass backwards 

 and a Uttle upwards in the upper half of the body. Seas of India to Japan and beyond. 



1. Pelamys Chilensis, Plate LYI, fig. 1. 



Pelamys Chilensis, Cuv. and Val. viii, p. 163 ; Gay, Chili, Zool. ii, p. 224 ; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 368 ; 

 gteind. Sitz. Ak. Wiss. Wien, Ivii, p. 353. 



Pelamys OrientaUs, Temm. and Schleg. Fauna Japon, p. 69, pi. 52 ; Giinther, Catal. u, p. 368. 



B. vii, D. 18 I T^j-viii, P. 24, V. 1/5, A. ^ + vi, C. 20. 



Length of head 31, height of body 4f in the distance between the snout and the centre of the posterior 

 edge of the caudal fin: caudal lobes 1/6 of the same distance. %es— diameter 8i in length of head, 2^ 

 diameters from end of snout and 2 apart. Snout pointed, the greatest width of head equals 2i, and its height 

 Ii in its length. The maxilla reaches to below the hind edge of the eye. Angle of preopercle rounded, its 

 lower border rather above 1/2 the length of its vertical one. Teeth^in a single row in either jaw with some 

 rather large ones above the symphysis of the lower, i^iws— dorsal spines weak, second to fourth subequal and 

 about 2|. in height of body and very slightly higher than the second dorsal, it is continued nearly close up to 

 the second fin. Pectoral 2i in length of head ; ventral 3/4 of pectoral. Anal commences on the vertical below 

 first finlet and is similar to second dorsal. Caudal with pointed lobes. ScaZes— forming a corselet 

 anteriorly in three portions, separated by two deep emarginations. Superiorly the corselet embraces the whole 

 length of the first dorsal fin : its central portion is narrow and pointed ending close to the end of the pectoral 

 fin: its lower portion is small and just embraces the ventrals which have a small scale between tfiem. 

 Lateral-line— makes a low curve to below commencement of second dorsal fin, where its becomes straight. 



