FAMILY, XXI— TEACHINID^. 265 



to opposite about the seventh ray of anal fin, from whence it proceeds direct to the centre of the caudal. 

 Golomrs — greemsh-yellow shot with pnrple. 



ffaMtoi.^Coromaadel coast of India, where it is caught in droves in October, Bay of Bengal as low as 

 Pondioheny,* and also m the Ganges, Burma, and Malay Archipelago. It attains at kit 10 inches in length, 

 the one figured is from Calcutta. -id 5 > 



2. Sillago sihama, Plate LVII, fig. 3. 



Atherma sihcmia, Forsk. p. 70. 



Scimna Malabarica, Bl. Schn. p. 81, t. xix. 



Flatyc&plialus sihamus, Bl. Schn. p. 60. 



Spams soring, Russell, ii, p. 9, pi. 113. 

 T. Jf'^gofhama, Rupp Atl. pische, p. 9, t. iii, f. 1, and K W. Fische, p. 100 ; Gunther, Catal. ii, p. 243 ; 

 Day, ¥^h. Malabar, p 47 ; Klunz. Verb, z. b. Ges. Wien, 1870, p. 818 ; Bleeker, Revis. Sill. 1874, p. 67 



miago'amta, Cuv and Val. iii, p. 400 ; Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, p. 131 ; Bleeker, Perc. p. 61 ; 

 Kner, JNovara Fische, p. 128. > x- j > r > 



Sillago erythrma, Cuv. and Val. iii, p. 409. 



Sillago Malahariaa, Cantor, Catal. p. 21 ; Bleeker, Bali, iii, p. 157. 

 ^ Soring, or Tella-sormg, or Arriti-U, Tel. : GulimgaJi, Tarn. : Gudeerah, Mai. . TTioU-dah, And. : Nga-rwi, 



Vert ^j\t' ^' "^^"■^^ ' ^■^' ^' ^^' ^' ■^^^' ^' ^-^' ^- •^^' ^- ^- ^^■''*' ^- *"■• ^■^^^^' ^'^- ^^^- ^-^'"^ 



Length of head 1/4 to 2/9, of caudal 1/8 to 1/9, height of body 1/6 to 2/15 of the total length. %es— 

 diameter 4 to 5 In length of head, J 1\ to 2i diameters from end of snout, and 1 to H apart. Snout pointed. 

 Greatest width of head equals its height or haH of its length. Upper jaw shghtly the longer : the maxilla reaches 

 nearly half way to below the front edge of the eye. Vertical limb of preopercle serrated in its lower half. Opercle 

 with a weU developed spine. Teeth-Ymiorm in both jaws, the outer row sometimes a little enlarged : in a semi- 

 cffcular band on the vomer, f-ms— dorsal spines of moderate strength, second and third subequal in length and 

 as tugh as the body below them : second dorsal highest anteriorly where it equals 4/7 of that of the body. Pectoral 

 as long as the head excludmg the snout, and rather longer than the ventral. Anal below and similar to soft dorsal 

 but not so high. _ Caudal emargmate or obtuse. Scales— ahovA six rows between the lateral-Une and the last 

 dorsal spine. ^tr-«es«eZ— extends posteriorly to opposite the first third of the anal fin. CoZowrs— oHve-green 

 along the back, becommg light on the abdomen, the whole having a brilliant purple reflection : a sUvery 

 longitudmal band : minute black points on the dorsal and anal fins. 



EabUai.—RBA. Sea, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond, it ascends tidal rivers. It is 

 known as Whitmg at Madras. ISTative women who have young babies are advised to eat it, as it is said to be 

 even more nourishmg than shark's flesh. It attains a foot in length. M. Leschenault asserted that he had seen 

 th.em, although seldom, 3 feet long. The one figured is from.Madras. 



3. Sillago maculata, Plato LVIII, fig. 4. 



, ^ Q.^°y;.^Ji'^ <^^™- ^oy- ^reyc. Zool. p. 261, pi. 53, f. 2; Cuv. and Val. iii, p. 411 ; Bleeker, Perc. p. 62, 

 and Kevis Sill. 1874, p. 71 ; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 245 ; Kner, Novara Fische, p. 127. 



Sillago Bassensis, Cuv. and Val. iii, p. 412 ; Quoy and Gaim. Voy. Astrol. Poiss. p. 672, pi. i, f. 2. 

 B. VI, D. 11 I ^i^, P. 17, V. 1/5, A. ^l^, C. 18, L. 1. 70, L. tr. 6/10. 



j""^?^^^ °^ ^^^ ^^' °^ ^^'^^'^^ f|> height of body 5| in the total length. JE?2/es— diameter 2f in length 

 ot head Is- dmmeters from end of snout, and 3/4 of a diameter apart. Greatest width of head equals 2|, and its 

 height Ii m its length. Snout rather pointed, upper jaw a little the longer : the maxilla reaches nearly half 

 way to below the front edge of the eye. Vertical limb of preopercle finely serrated : opercle with a small spine, 

 ieei^r— villiform m either jaw, the outer row a little enlarged: also in a band on the vomer.- JYm— dorsal 

 -spines weak, third to fifth subequal in length, nearly as high as the body, and rather higher than the soft portion 

 ot the fin. Pectoral as long as the head excluding the snout : ventral a little shorter. Anal similar to second 

 dorsal. Caudal lobed. Golours — grayish along the back, becoming duU white on the abdomen : some irregular 

 blackish blotches along the sides, also a sUvery median longitudinal band. Upper half of first dorsal black, 

 outer edges of second dorsal and anal dark, and a gray band along the upper third of soft dorsal. 



flaftiidi.— Andamans, Malay Archipelago to South-East Australia. The specimen figured (life-size) is 

 trom the Andamans. It is said to attain 8 or 9 inches in length. 



<?-)7 J * ^° ^"^^^"^ ^^' '^'^ species is termed " P^che Madame de Pondicherry." Jerdon observes, " I never saw a specimen of the 

 fm iSr*^™"" ^' Madras, and the fishermen to whom I showed the drawing said they did not know it. Pondicherry is only 80 mfles 

 irom iviaaras, and I doubt therefore if it was sent ti-ora thence ; most probably it is more from the months of the Ganges."' I have 

 down to P d^T '^** '* ^^^ lowest point in the Bay of Bengal where I' have observed it. Some might however easily stray 



t Cuv. and Val found 2 csecal appendages, I have sometimes found 4, occasionally 3, 2 being short and 1 long. 

 ?! • 1, |j6specting the diameter of the eye in the length of the head, I have found it 4 J at 4 inches; 4 at 5 inches ; 4 J at 

 oi incnes; 4^ at 7 J inches ; 4| at 9 inches ; 4^ at 9^ inches ; 5i at 9 inches ; and 5 at 10 inches or the total length of the specimen. 



2 M 



