FAMILY, XLI— LABRID^. 



403 



The specimen is from Sir W. Elliot's collection, it was captured at Madras, April, 1852. Tie water- 

 colour drawing of it is termed as above by Jerdon. Its native name is given as OMlacha-sani-mm/ya Tamil 



In Cuv. and Val. the fins are said to be destitute of marks, but I think there can be little douk that the' 

 species are identical. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to China. ' 



Genus, 11 — JuLis, sp. Ov/v. cmd Val. 



Brwmhwstegals six: body oblong amd compressed; snout not prodMced. Anterior teeth conical : no posterior 

 counme tooth ; imferior phamjngeal teeth not confluent or pavement-lihe. A single dorsal fim, with less spines (8) them 

 rays (11-14) : amal with two or three spines amd about the same number of rays as the soft dorsal (11-14). Scales 

 large: none on the head : no enlarged row at the base of the caudal fm. Lateral-lime continuous. 



Geographical distribution. — Red Sea, seas of India, tropical and adjacent seas. 



SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES. 



1. Julis dorsalis, D. ■^, A. -j^, L. 1. 26-29. Broad red bands radiate from the eye : six vertical black 

 cross bars along the back, and a black spot at base of pectoral fin. A red band along the side. East coast of 

 Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



2. Julis lunaris, D. ^%, A. yVi L. 1. 28. Oblique red bands on head, body green, each scale with a 

 vertical red streak. Red Sea, seas of India to Malay Archipelago. 



3. Julis amhhjcephalus, D. J_., A. a^, L. 1. 27. Blue dark-edged lines across the cheeks, a dark 

 triangular spot at base of pectoral. Ceylon to the Malay Archipelago. 



4. Julis Hebraica, D. -j^, A. ■^, L. 1. 27-28. Greenish, scales with a dark vertical mark. Violet bands 

 pass from the eye, and a buff dark-edged cross-band goes from two first dorsal spines to the ventral fin : a dark 

 spot between first and third dorsal spines. Red Sea, seas of India, and beyond. 



6. Julis purpurea, D. -f^, A. -fy, L. 1. 27-28. Colours vary, usually green or blue, with or without red 

 bands radiating from the eye. Two or three red or violet bands along the side, sometimes joined by cross bands 

 of the same colour. Red Sea, seas of India, to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



6. Julis Janseni, D. t^, A. -fy, L. 1. 28. Yellow, with from three to five vertical black bands: a black 

 spot oil first two anal rays. Andamans to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



1. Julis dorsalis, Plate LXXXV, fig. 7. 



Sparus MardwicJdi, Bennett, Fish. Ceylon, p. 12, pi. xii (not Julis Mardwichvi, Gray). 



Julis dorsalis, Quoy and Gaim. Voy. Astrol. Zool. iii, Poiss. p. 713, pi. xv, f. 6; Cuv. and Val. xiii, 

 p. 449 ; Richard. Ich. China, p. 269 ; Bleeker, Beng. en Hind. p. 62, and AJmboina, iii, p. 664, and Atl. Ich. i, 

 p. 94, t. 34, f . 4 ; Peters, Monats. Ak. Berlin, 1866, p. 454 ; Giinther, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1861, p. 387, and CataL 

 iv, p. 190. 



Julis semifaseiatus, Cuv. and Val. xiii, p. 448. 



Glorichthys Sardwichii, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 232. 



Julis urostigma, Bleeker, Sumatra, ii, p. 287 (young). 



Mal-girawah, "Flower-parrot," Ciugalese. 



B. vi, D. i«j, P. 14, V. 1/5, A. ^, C. 15, L. 1. 26-29, L.' tr. 3/11. 



Length of head 3f , of caudal h\, height of body 3f in the total length. Hyes — diameter 4| to 5 iu the 

 length of head, 1^ to 2 diameters from end of snout, and l^- to 1^ apart. Fins- — caudal lobes somewhat 

 produced. Golows — greenish, becoming silvery along the abdomen. Broad red bands radiate from the eyes : 

 six vertical black cross bars along the back, extended on to the middle of the body : a black spot ia the axilla : 

 a red band along the side to the tail : usually a black, or a very dark blue band on the dorsal fin, the anal with 

 a black spot anteriorly : caudal with a grayish semilunar band in its fe,st half. 



Habitat. — East coast of Africa, seas of India, to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. The specimen 

 figured (hfe-size) is from the Moluccas, and I am indebted for it to Dr. Hubrecht, of Leyden. 



2. Julis lunaris, Plate LXXXVI, fig. 1. 



Labrus lunaris, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 474 , Gmel. Linn. p. 1284 ; Bl. ,Schn. p. 242 ; Lacep. iii, pp. 427, 

 467 ; Gronov. ed. Gray, p. 82. 



Searus galhos, Forsk. Desc. Anim. p. 26. 



Labrus zeylamdcus, (Forst.) Penn. tnd. Zool. p. S6, pi. xvi; Gmel. Linn. p. 1287; Bl. Schn. p. 246; 

 Lacep. iii, pp. 427, 472. 



Labrus vvridis, Bl. v, p. 129, t. 282 ; Bl. Schn. p. 243 ; Lacep. iii, p. 454. 



Labrus gallms, Linn. Gmel. p. 1284 ; Bl. Schn. p. 245. 



Osphromenus gallus, Lacep. iii, p. 122. 



Julis Ha/rd/voicTm, Gray and Hardwicke, Ind. Zool. Fi«h, t. ix, f. I. 



JuUs porphyrocephala, Benn. Proc. Zool. Soc. ii, 1832, p. 183. 



Julis iMnaris, Cuv. and Val. xiii, p- 409 ; Jerdon, M, J. L. and Sc. 1861, p. 136 ; Bleeker, Beng. en Hind, 

 p. 62, Labr. p. 6, and Atl. Ich. i, p. 90, t. 33, f. 5 ; Gunther, Catal. iv, p. 180; Kner, Novara Fische, p. 256; 

 KLunz.' Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien, 1871, p. 636. 



3 F 2 



