434 ANACANTHINI. 



two on the left side, separated at their greatest distance by 8 or 9 rows of scales, one on the blind side : 60 rows 

 of scales along the Ijlind side of the body. Golowrs — of a rich brown on the coloured side without any markings. 

 Habitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



5. Cynoglossus macrolepidotus, Plate XCVI, fig. 3. 



Plagusia macrolepidota, Bleeker, Pleuron. p. 25, and Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind. p. 416. 



Arelia macrolepidota, Bleeker, En. Spec. p. 184. 



Gyrwglossus macrolepidotus, Giinther, Catal. iv, p. 496 ; Kner, Novara Fische, p. 294 ; Bleeker, Atl. Ich. 

 Pleuron. p. 34, t. xi, f. 2. 



B. vi, D. 116-118, V. 4, A. 86-90, C. 11, L. 1. 50-55. 



Length of head 4 J to 4|, height of body 44 to 4f in the total length, ^yes— small, diameter 14 to 15 in 

 the length of head, 4 to 4| diameters from end of snout and 1 diameter apart. The length of the head a little 

 exceeds it greatest height. Eostral hook short. Lips not fringed. Angle of the mouth in the middle of the 

 length of the head. Two nostrils on coloured side, a patent one between the eyes anteriorly ,_ and a, tubular one 

 before the lower orbit. Fims — rays unbranched. Scales — ctenoid on coloured, cycloid on blind side. Lateral- 

 lines — two on right side separated by 6 or 7 rows of scales at their greatest distance asunder, one lateral-line on 

 the blind side. Colours — Brownish, with an ill-defined bluish band along the bases of the dorsal and anal fins : 

 a bluish blotch on opercles. 



Habitat. — Seas and coasts of India to the Malay Archipelago. The specimen figured (8'2 inches long) 

 was from Madras. 



6. Cynoglossus Sindensis, Plate XC, fig. 6. 



B. vi, D. 106-116, V. 4, A. 83, C. 12, L. 1. 108. 



Length of head 5, height of body 3| to 4 in the total length. Hyes — upper very slightly or not at all in 

 advance of the lower, diameter Q^ to 9^ in the length of the head, 1 diameter apart, and 4 from the end of 

 snout. Height of head rather exceeds its length. Rostral hook covers the symphysis of the lower jaw, but 

 does not extend to below the front eye. Angle of mouth below the hind edge of the lower eye, and midway 

 between the anterior edge of snout and gill-opening. Two nostrils, a small open one betwen the eyes, and a 

 tubular one before the lower eye. Scales — strongly ctenoid on coloured, cycloid on blind side. Lateral-limes — 

 two on either side, those on the coloured side separated by 19 or 20 rows of scales. Golowrs — dark leaden-brown 

 on the coloured side with a large black blotch on the opercles. 



This fish is near 0. Borneensis, the latter, however, has only one lateral-line on the blind side. It difiers 

 from G. dispar in the situation of the angle of the mouth, &c.' 



G. trulla. Cantor, is said to have only a single nostril below the lower eye, and no remark is made 

 respecting the number of lateral-lines on the blind side, but there is " a bony protuberance or spine" below the 

 lower orbit. 



Habitat. — From Sind through the seas of India : the largest specimen 18 inches long. 



7. Cynoglossus arel, Plate XCVIII, fig. 2. 

 Plewronectes arel, Bl. Schn. p. 169. 

 B. vi, D. 104-114,, V. 4, A. 85, C. 12, L. 1. 95. 



Length of head 4f , height of body 5 in the total length. Eyes— small, upper half in advance of 

 the lower, 1 diameter apart : both eyes in the anterior half of the head. Height of head 1/4 less than its 

 length. Eostral hook just covers the symphysis of the lower jaw. Angle of mouth upwards of one diameter 

 behind the hind edge of the lower eye, and situated a little behind the middle of the length of the head. Two 

 nostrils, a rather large open one between the eyes, and a tubular one above upper lip. Scales — slightly ctenoid 

 on the coloured, cycloid on the blind side. Lateral-lines — two on the coloured side separated by 7 rows of 

 scales, a single lateral-line on the blind side. Goloivrs — brownish on the coloured side without markings. 



This cannot be (as suggested by Dr. Giinther) Cynoglossus or Arelia haupii, Bleeker, as the latter has 

 two lateral-lines on either side. 



I am indebted to Professor Peters of Berlin for the use of one of Schneider's types, from which the 

 above description and figure are taken. 

 , Habitat. — Tranquebar. 



8. Cynoglossus dispar, Plate XCVI, fig. 2. 



B. vi, D. 109-112, Y. 4, A. 90-94, C. 9, L. 1. 110-115. 



Length of head 64 to 5f, height of body 34 to 3f in the total length. ^2/e«— diameter 9 to 11 in the 

 length of head, 1/2 a diameter apart, and 3 from the end of snout : half of the upper eye being in advance of 

 the lower one. Height of head 1/6 more than its length. Two nostrils, one patent between the eyes, the other 

 tubular before the lower orbit. Lips not fringed, the rostral hook is extended a little distance beyond the 

 mandibular symphysis-. Angle of the mouth below the hind edge of the lower orbit, and much nearer the end of 

 snout than the gill opening. JVws— ventral adherent to the anal. Scales— sivovglj ctenoid on the coloured, 



