FAMILY, I-SILURID^. 447 



and 2i apart. The greatest width o£ the head equals its length excluding the snout. Upper iaw the longer 

 snout spatulate. Median longitudinal groove on the head reaches nearly to the base of the occipital process' 

 which latter is pointed, scarcely longer than wide at its base, and with a long interspace between it 

 and the basal bone of the dorsal fin. Upper surface of the head nearly smooth, the few ridges not being 

 tuberculated. 5ar6eZs— nasal ones reach the hind third of the eye, maxiUary ones the base of the caudal 

 external mandibular ones the first third of the pectoral, whilst the inner ones are shorter. Teeth— in an 

 uninterrupted semilunar band across the palate. J^mis— dorsal as high as the body, its spine very slender only 

 osseous at its base and articulated in its upper two-thirds : length of base of adipose dorsal equals that of the ' 

 rayed fin, whilst the interspace between the two fins is of the same length. Pectoral as long as the post-orbital 

 portion of the head, its spine moderately strong and 1/2 as long as the head, denticulated internally. Ventral 

 nearly 1/2 as long as head and just extends to the anal. Upper caudal lobe with a filamentous prolongation. 

 Free portion of tail 1/2 longer than high. Golowrs—oi a light brown, shot with purple; fins darkest 

 externally. 



This fish is closely allied to M. corsula, but differs in the character of its dorsal spine, the length of its 

 maxillary barbels, the smooth ridges on its head, occipital process, &c. 



Sabitat. — Burma, along the valley of the Irrawaddi. 



9. Macrones cavasins, Plate C, fig. 1. 



Pwielodus cavasms, Ham. Bflch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 213, 379, pi. xi, f. 67. 



Bagrus cavasms, Cuv. and Val. xiv, p. 409 ; Jaoq. Voy. Ind. Poiss. pi. xvi, f. 2; Bleeker, Beng. en Hind 

 p. 113; Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1849, p. 337 ; Blyth, P. A. S. of Beng. 1858, p. 284, and 1860, p. 149. 



Pimelodus ^eengtee, Sykes, Trans. Zool. Soc. ii, p. 374, t. 66, f. 2. 



Macrones aavasius, Giinther, Catal. v, p. 76. 



Hypselohagrus ca/vasius, Day, Fish. Malabar, p. 188. 



Vella kelletee and Gntta, Tarn. ; M%ti jella, Tel. ; Ountea, Ooriah ; Ka/vasi tenga/ra, Beng. ; Nga-zin-zine, 

 Burmese. 



B. vi, D. i 1 0, P. 1/8, V. 6, A. 11-13 (^i^), C. 16. 



Length of head 6 to 6|-, of caudal 6, height of body 6|- in the total length, ^j/es— diameter 3J to 3J in 

 the length of head, 1 to 1-| diameters from the end of snout, and IJ apart. The greatest width of the 

 head equals its length excluding the snout. Snout rather obtuse, upper jaw a little the longer : width of the 

 gape equals 2/5 of the length of the head, the cleft extends half-way to below the orbit. Upper surface of the 

 head slightly roughened, its median longitudinal groove rather wide and extends to the base of the 

 occipital process, which last is narrow and three or four times as long as wide at its base, and with a shallow 

 groove along -its last half or two-thirds : no interspace between its posterior extremity and the basal bone of the 

 dorsal fin. Barbels — the nasal nearly or quite as long as the head, the maxillary extend to beyond the base of 

 the caudal fin, the external mandibular almost to the base of the ventral, whilst the internal are as 

 long as the head. Teeth — on the palate in an uninterrupted crescentic band. Fms — dorsal spine weak, entire, 

 and nearly or quite as long as the head excluding the snout, the fin is rather higher than the body and pointed : 

 the adipose dorsal commences just behind the rayed one, and the length of its base is three times as long. 

 Pectoral spine as long as, but stronger than, the dorsal, smooth externally, denticulated internally. Ventral 

 arises just posterior to the vertical from the last dorsal ray. Caudal pointed, upper lobe the longer. 

 Colours — leaden superiorly, becoming yellowish along the abdomen and cheeks. Maxillary barbels, dorsal 

 and caudal fins dusky : pectoral, ventral, and anal dull white. There is usually a black spot covering the 

 basal bone of the dorsal fin. Occasionally there is a bluish band along the lateral-line. 



I have a specimen from Lingasagore with a few serrations posteriorly on the dorsal spine. 



Habitat. — From Sind, throughout India, Assam, and Burma : attaining at least 18 inches in length. 



10. Macrones tengara, Plate CI, fig. 5. 



Pimelodus tenga/ra, Ham. Buch. Fisii. Ganges, pp. 183, 377,'and Pimelodus hatasims, pi. 23, f. 60.* 

 Bagrus tenga/ra, Cuv. and Val. xiv, p. 414 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 114. 

 Kuttahrah, Hind. : Ting-ga-rah, Assam and Punj. ; Ka/raal, Punj. 



.B. X, D. J- I 0, P. 1/8, V. 6, A. 11-13 (/^ife), C. 19. 



Length of head 4J, of caudal 4|, height of body 41 in the total length. Eyes—daa,Taeier 3J in 

 the length of head, 3/4 to 1 diameter from the dnd of snout, and 1| apart. Greatest width of the head equals 

 its length excluding the snout. Gape of mouth equal to 2/5, of the length of the head. Upper jaw slightly the 

 longer. Median longitudinal groove extends to the base of the occipital process, which latter, (as well 

 as the upper surface of the head), is corrugated and about thrice as long as wide at its base, it reaches the basal 

 bone of the dorsal fin. Ba/rlels — the nasal ones are nearly as long as the head, the maxillary ones reach 



* Hamilton Buchanan distinctly figures this species here and not P. hatasims, which is said to have its barhels shorter than the 

 head, and which I have copied from his MSS., figure marked P. hatasi (see Plate C. fig. 3). His figure PI. iii, f. 61 is of the common 

 Bengal form, having at least four barbels longer than the head, and cannot be the little up-country species whieh I have likewise figured; 

 the names seem to have become transposed. 



