448 PHYSOSTOMI. 



tie base of tlie ventral, the external mandibular tbe base of tbe pectoral, wHlst tbe internal are storter. 

 Teeth — in a narrow uninterrupted band across tbe palate. Fins — dorsal spine as long as tbe bead excluding tbe 

 snout, sHgbtly serrated anteriorly in its upper tbird, and posteriorly in its wbole extent: tbe lengtb of 

 tbe base of tbe adipose dorsal 1/3 less tban tbat of tbe rayed fin, and equals 1/2 tbe lengtb of tbe interspace 

 between tbe two fins, in some specimens, as tbe one figured, it is mucb longer. Pectoral spine nearly as 

 long as tbe bead, stronger tban tbat of tbe dorsal, smootb externally, and witb about 13 denticulations 

 internally. Ventrals arise on a vertical line just bebind tbe last dorsal ray. Caudal forked, upper lobe tbe 

 longer. Golowrs — brilliant yellow, witb a black sboulder spot and about five black longitudinal lines. In some 

 specimens tbe mandibular barbels are wbite witb a black streak.' 



In tbis species tbe median longitudinal groove extends furtber backwards to tbe base of tbe occipital 

 process, tban in M. vittatus. 



In some Punjab specimens (.'' Pimelodus cmisurws, McClelland, Cal. J. N. Hist. _ ii, p. 583.) tbe nasal 

 barbels are not so long as the head, whilst the maxillary only reach to the middle of tbe pectoral fin. 



Habitat. — Ifortbern India, the Punjab and Assanf -, attaining 3 to 4 inches in lengtb. Tbe specimen 

 figured was from Assam. 



11. Macrones oculatus, Plate XCVIII, fig. 4. 

 Bagrus oculatus, Cuv. and Val. xiv, p. 424; Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1849, p. 339. 



B. X, D. 1/0, P. 1/6, V. 6, A. 11-13 (f:f), C. 15. 



Length of head 5^, of caudal 4^ height of body 5 in the total lengtb. Eyes — diameter 3 to 3|-' in the lengtb 

 of bead, about 1 diameter from end of snout and also apart. Profile from snout to dorsal fin rather, elevated- 

 Greatest width of tbe head equals its length excluding the snout : upper jaw slightly tbe longer. Summit of 

 the head rough : median longitudinal groove extends nearly to the base of the occipital process, which last is 

 three times as long as wide at its base, whilst there is no interspace between it and the basal bone of the dorsal fin. 

 Ba/rhels — ^the nasal half as long as tbe head, the maxillary reach the middle of the anal fin, the outer mandibular 

 the middle of the pectoral, whilst tbe inner are rather shorter. Teeth — in an uninterrupted crescentic band 

 across the palate. Fins — dorsal spine of moderate strength, as long as the head excluding the snout, two or 

 three teeth anteriorly, serrated posteriorly : the lengtb of the base of the adipose dorsal equals that of the rayed 

 fin, but is about 1/4 less than tbe interspace between the two fins. Pectoral spine stronger tban the dorsal, as 

 long as the head behind tbe angle of the mouth, and witb about 10 very strong teeth internally. Caudal 

 deeply forked, tbe upper lobe being tbe longer. Colours — silvery, lightest beneath, a dark spot at the 

 commencement of tbe base of dorsal fin, which is also black tipped, a darkish band likewise along tbe middle 

 of tbe fin. 



Habitat. — Malabar coast and tbe Coimbatore district ; it attains 5 or 6 inches in lengtb, 



12. Macrones vittatus, Plate XCVIII, fig. 3 ; and Plate XCIX, fig. 4. 



Silurus vittatus, Bloch. t. 371, f. 2 ; Pl. Scbn. p. 387. 



PimelodMs ea/roio, Ham. Bucb. Fish. Ganges, pp. 181, 377 ; and P. tengara, pi. 3, f. 67. 



? Pimelodus Itidieus, McClelland, C. J. N. H. ii, p. 684. 



Macrones tengara, Giinther, Catal. v, p. 81 ; Day, Pish. Malabar, p. 189 ; Peters. Monats. Akad. Berlin, 

 1868, p. 271 ; (not Pimelodus tengara, H. B.) 



Bagrus affinis, Jerdon, Madr. J. L. and Sc. 1849, p. 338. 



Tengra, Beng. i Kuggv/r, Hind, t Kel-le-tee, Tam. : Buhujellah, Tel. : Kuntiah, Ooriah : Mulleer and 

 Kuggur, Sind. : Sin-go-rah, Assam : Nga-sa-ring, Mugh. : Nga-zin~yine, Burmese. 



B. X, D. 1/0, P. 1/9, V. 6, A. 9-12 (f:f), C. 17. 



Lengtb of head 4| to 5, of caudal 5i, height of body 5 in tbe total lengtb. ^Byes— diameter 4i to 6 in 

 tbe lengtb of bead. If to 2 diameters from end of snout, and Ii to 2 apart. The greatest width of the bead 

 equals its lengtb excluding the snout or behind the angle of the mouth, and is very Httle more tban its height, in 

 some specimens there is a considerable rise to base of first dorsal fin. Upper surface of the bead roughened in 

 tubercles hardly forming lines, median longitudinal goove reaches to midway bebind tbe bind edge of tbe eye 

 and tbe base of the occipital process, which latter is rough, three times as long as wide at its base, and a short 

 (if any) interspace existing between it and the basal bone of the dorsal fin : radiating rough lines on the opercle : 

 shoulder bone with its triangular portion a little longer tban wide at its base, and roughened in raised Unes. 

 Bajrhels—ih.e, maxiUaiy reach the ventrals, tbe nasal tbe opercle, tbe external mandibular the first third of tbe 

 pectoral spine, whilst the internal are shorter. Teeth— in an uninterrupted semilunar band across tbe palate. 

 J'ms— dorsal 2/3 as high as tbe body, its spine half as long as tbe head witb 2 or 3 teeth anteriorly in 

 the young, whilst it is finely serrated posteriorly : length of tbe base of tbe adipose dorsal varies, in some specimens 

 it usually equals tbat of tbe interspace between the two fins, and a little more tban the length of the 

 rayed fin. Pectoral spine strong, as long as tbe bead excluding the snout, denticulated internally witb about 

 16 coarse teeth. Ventral reaches from 1/2 to 2/3 of tbe distance to the base of tbe anal. Upper caudal lobe 

 the longer. CoZwrs— sUvery or golden, old specimens at Madras (PI. xcviii. f . 3) have a light bluish band along 

 tbe middle of the side, and a narrow light one above and below it, a dark sboulder spot, and sometimes another 

 near the base of the caudal fin. More to the eastward as Orissa aud Bengal (PI. xcix, f. 4) the colours are more 

 vmd, usuaUy of a golden hue, witb a black shoulder spot, a narrow bl^ck band along either side of the 



