554 PHTSOSTOMI. 



Genus, 17 — Thtnnichthts, Bleeker. 



Mola, pt. Blyth. 



FseudolrcmchicB present. Abdomen roimded. Head somewhat compressed : mtegwnents over snout thm : vpper 

 lip absent: only a shoH labial fold on the side of the mandible. Mouth rather wide, amt&ro-lateral, with the lower 

 jaw somewhat prominent. No barbels. Qill rakers short or absent. Eyes in the middle of the depth of the head, 

 and without cmy adipose lid. Pharyngeal teeth molariform,- compressed, filose together, 6, 3 or 4, 2 or 3 | 3 or 2, 

 4 or 3, 5. Dorsal fin short, without osseous ray : ventral commencing below the dorsal: anal short and entirely 

 posterior to the dorsal. Scales small. Lateral-line complete, running to or a little below the centre of the base of the 

 caudal Jin. Intestinal tract narrow, and with numerous convolutions. 



This G-enus is separated from tbe succeeding one (Amblyphcwyngodon), irrespective of its pharyngeal 

 teeth, because of ,the position of the dorsal, ventral, and anal fins, and its having an entire instead of an 

 interrupted lateral-line. 



Geographical distribution.— rThe Kistna and Godavery rivers in India from the Deccan to their 

 terminations : also the Malay Archipelago. 



SYNOPSIS OF INDIVIDUAL SPECIES. 



1. Thywnichthys somdhhol, D. 12, A. 8, L. r. 120. Kistna and Godavery rivers. 

 1. Thynnichthys sandkhol, Plate CXXXIV, fig. 2. 



Leuciscus sandhhol, Sykes, Trans. Zool. Soc. ii, p. 363 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 68. 



Mola sandkhol, Day, Journ. Linn. Society, xii, 1876, p. 574. 



Thynnichthys Gochinensis,* Giinther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1876, p. 401. 



Kala-tala and Ahhu-chappah, Tel. -. Bareing, Ooriah. 



B. iii, D. 12 (f), P. 19, V. 9, A. 8 (f), 0. 19, L. r. 120, L. tr. 25-30/25. 



Length of head 4 to 4|, of caudal 4, height of body Sf to 4 in the total length. Uyes — in about 

 the centre of the depth of the head, diameter 3 to 6 in the length of the head, 1 to IJ diameters from the end 

 of snout, and 1-j to 2i apart. Dorsal profile more convex than the abdominal. The width of the head equals 

 1/2, and the height 4/6, of its length. Teeth — pharyngeal, 5, 4, 3 ] 3, 4, 5. Fins — dorsal 3/4 as high as the 

 body, its upper edge concave, its origin is slightly in advance of that of the ventral, and about midway between 

 the snout and base of the caudal fin, which latter is deeply lobed, the lower being the longer. Anal at some 

 distance behind the vertical from the end of the dorsal. Scales — 17 to 19 rows between the lateral-Hue and 

 base of the ventral fin. Oolov/rs — silvery : head purplish. 



Maiifat. — Godavery and Kistna rivers, also the adjacent tanks. It attains above 18 inches in length. 



Genus, 18 — AMBLYPHABTNaoDOif, Bleeker. 



Mola, Heckel and Blyth : Brachygramma, Day. 



Pseudobranchice present. Abdomen rounded. Head somewhat compressed: integuments 'over snout thin: 

 upper lip absent : only a short labial fold on the side of the mandible. Mouth rather wide, antero-lateral, with the 

 lower jaw prominent. No barbels. Gill-rakers short or absent. Eyes in the middle of the depth of the head, and 

 without any adipose membrane. Pharyngeal teeth molariform, with the crowns flat or concave, 3, 2, 1 | 1, 2, 3. 

 Dorsal fin short, vdthout osseous ray, and extending to nearly or quite above the commencement of the anal : ventral 

 in advance of the dorsal. Scales small. Lateral-line incomplete. 



Geographical distribution. — Prom Sind throughout the plains of India, Ceylon, and Burma. 



SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES. 



1. Ambh/pharyngodon Atkimsonii, D. 9-10, L. 1. 55-65. Nine or ten rows of scales between lateral-line 

 and base of ventral fin. Height of body 3| in the total length. Burma. 



2. Ambhjpha/ryngodon mola, D. 9, L. 1. 66-75. Nine or ten rows of scales between lateral-line and base 

 of ventral fin. Height of body 4 to 4J in the total length. Sind, India (except the Malabar coast), Assam, and 

 Burma. 



3. AmbVypharyngodon nvicrolepis, D. 9, L. 1. 55-60, Five rows of scales between the lateral-line and, base 

 of the ventral fin. Height of body 4f to 5 in the total length. Hooghly, through Orissa, and down the 

 Coromandel coast to Madras. 



4. AmbVypharyngodon melettimus, D. 9-10, L. 1. 50-57. Pour rows of scales between lateral-line and base 

 of the ventral fin. Height of body 5 to 6^ in the total length. (? Bombay), Malabar coast, and Southern India 

 from the Neilgherries to Madras : also Ceylon. 



* The single skin described by Dr. Giinther was erroneously stated to have come " from Cochin." It is a specimen which I 

 personslly obtained fresh, and preserved at Rajahmnndry on the Godavery. I probably took it to the British Museum for comparison, 

 and accidentally left it on the table. 



