FAMILY, V— CYPRINID^. 5gl 



blotch on the lateral-line before the base of the caudal fin. Mostly some dark spots behind the opercle When 

 the fish is fresh there are sometimes horizontal bands along the rows of scales in the upper half of the body 

 I'ins whitish or yellowish-white, and externally stained with gray. 



In some Deccan specimens the eye is sometimes as large as 1/4 of the length of the head As a rule in 

 adult specimens the length of the head is about 1/4 of the total length excluding the caudal fin. The bodv in 

 the young is more compressed and somewhat higher than in the adult. ' 



Barbus swrama, McClelland, is B. chagvmio. Ham. Buch. The two type specimens B. russelli Giinther 

 from Sind, have L. 1. 32-34 (not 27 as stated). Barlus rodadylus, McClelland, Ind. Cyp. p. 273, from Lower 

 Assam, has no characters pointed out by which it may be distinguished from the above. 



Habitat.— Sind and the Punjab, throughout India, Assam and Burma, in which latter country the caudal 

 fin has sometmies a black upper and lower edge and a dark mark at the base of each scale. It attains at least a 

 foot in length. The specimen figured (9 inches long) was from Assam. 



4. Barbus chrysopoma. 



Guv. and Val. x.vi, p. 165, pi. 466 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 60 ; Day, Pishes of Malabar, p. 208 ; Giinther, 

 Catal. vii, p. 113. 



? Ba/rhus Pol/ydori, Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 170 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 60. 

 Systomus chrysopoma, Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. and Sc. 1849, p. 314. 

 Munduttee, Mai. 



B. iii, D. 12 (A), P. 17, Y. 9, A. 8 (f), C. 19, L. 1. 28-30, L. tr. 6/6. 



Length of head 4^ to 6, of caudal 4-i, height of body 3f in the total length. %es— diameter 3i to 31 in 

 the length of the head (at 2'6 inches in length the eye is at least 2^ in the length of the head), 1 diameter from 

 the end of snout, and 1 to li apart. Height of head almost equals its length. Profile of back somewhat 

 elevated. Interorbital space flat. Lower labial fold interrupted. Ba/rbels— the rostral very thin, not so long 

 as the eye : the maxillary as long as the orbit. Fims— dorsal commences midway between the front edge of the 

 eye and the base of the caudal fin and opposite the insertion of the ventral, its last undivided ray osseous, of 

 moderate strength, finely serrated posteriorly, and with its stiff portion as long as the head excluding the 

 snout : the height of the fin is 2/3 to 3/4 that of the body below it, its upp^r edge concave. Lateral-line — 

 complete, and a little more concave than in the next species, whilst it is sometimes sinuous in the last part of 

 its course, 4 rows of scales between it and the base of the ventral fin : 12 rows before the base of the dorsal fin. 

 Goloms — dark silvery, lightest beneath, opercles shot with purple and gold. A dark vertical band behind the 

 opercles and a duU spot on the lateral-line just anterior to the base of the caudal fini Upper and lower 

 margins of the caudal grayish : the other fins golden. 



The eyes in this species are larger and not so far apart as in B. sa/rand : the length of the head in adults 

 becomes shorter, and the eye larger, and the interorbital space flat. 



Sabitat.— 'Fresh, waters along the coasts of India from Cutch to Bengal, also the Deccan, Mysore, 

 and Madras. I have likewise received it from Darjeeling. 



5. Barbus pinnauratus, Plate CXXXIX, fig. 3. 



/■ Barbus gibbosus and subnasutus, Cuv. and Val. xvi, pp, 154, 155 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 60. 

 Ptmtius (Ba/rbodes) chrysopoma, Bleeker, Ceylon, p. 16, t. 3, f. 1 (not Cuv. and Val.). 

 Gyclocheilichthys pirmaii/raius, Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 300. 

 Pimtius pirmawratus, Day, Pish. Malabar, p. 209, pi. xv, f. 2. 

 Bwrbus pinnauratus, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 114. ' 

 Barbus spiVwrus, GiJnther, Catal. vii, p. 114. 



B. iii, D. 11 (f), P. 17, V. 8, A. 7 (f), C. 19, L. 1. 29-30, L. tr. 5|.6/6. 



Length of head 5 to 5f , of caudal 4 to 4^, height of body 3^ to 3| in the total length. Eyes — diameter 

 3| in the length of the head, nearly to, or quite 1 diameter from the end of snout, and 1 j to If apart. Body 

 compressed. Dorsal and abdominal profiles about equally convex. Snout rather obtuse. Interorbital space a 

 little convex. Lower labial fold interrupted. Barbels — the maxillary pair are one half longer than the orbit, 

 the rostral pair a little shorter. Fi/ns — dorsal commences midway between the end of the snout and the base of 

 the caudal fin, it is slightly in advance of the insertion of the ventral, 2/3 as high as the body, having its upper 

 edge concave, its last undivided ray osseous (weak in the young, but strengthening with age) , as long as the 

 head excluding the snout, and posteriorly serrated. Lateral-line — complete, 3i or 4 rows of scales between it 

 and the base of the ventral fin : 10 rows before the dorsal fin. Free portion of the tail as high as long. 

 Golov/rs — silvery along the back and upper half of the body, becoming white shot with gold beneath : most of 

 the scales with black bases. A dark band behind the opercles and a black blotch on the lateral-line, 

 commencing about the twenty-fourth scale. Opercles and fins orange, caudal with a black superior and inferior 

 edge. 



B. gibbosus, Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 155, from Allepey, may be this species, described from a specimen 

 with a short head (6 in the total lengthj. I have obtained similar starved or unhealthy examples. 



4 c 



