564 PHTSOSTOMI. 



pharyngeal, pointed, curved, 5, 3, 2/2, 3, 5. Barbels — tMn, both pairs shorter than the eye. Fins — the dorsal 

 3/4 as high as the body -with a concave upper edge : it comniences anterior to the insertion of the ventral, and 

 midway betvp^een the snout and the base of the caudal fin, its last undivided ray is a strong, broad, smooth 

 spine, nearly as long as the head in the immature, and sometimes longer in the adult, especially in specimens 

 from Canara. Pectoral as long or rather longer than the head. Anal laid flat reaches the caudal. Lateral- 

 line — complete, 3^ rows of scales between it and the base of the ventral fin : 12 rows anterior to the dorsal 

 fin. Pree portion of the tail as high at its base as it is long. Golowrs — greenish-brown along the back, 

 becoming dull white glossed with gold on the sides and beneath. Pins grayish. Eyes golden. 



Habitat. — Rivers along the bases of the Neilgherries, Wynaad, and South Canara hills. It attains at 

 least 25 lbs. in weight. Some have been introduced into the Ootacamund lake. The figure is from a young 

 specimen, Hfe size, the dorsal spine not being well-developed, and the snout not so obtuse as in older specimens. 



13. Barbus hexagonolepis, Plate CXXXVII, fig 4. 



McClelland, Ind. Cyp. pp. 270, 336, pi. 41, f. 3. 

 BoJcar and BoolooaJi, Assam. 



B. iii, D. 12(f), P. 17, V. 9, A. 7(f), C. 19, L. 1. 28-31, L. tr. 4i/4i-. 



Length of head 5 to h^, of caudal 5 to 5|-, height of body 5 to 6|- in the total length. Eyes — diameter 

 6 to 6 in the length of the head, 1^ to 2 diameters from the end of the snout, and 2| apart. Dorsal and 

 abdominal profiles equally and slightly convex. Interorbital space rather convex. Upper jaw the longer. 

 Lower labial fold interrupted. Opercle higher than wide. Sometimes pores on the cheeks. Ba/rlels — the 

 maxillary reach nearly to below the hind 'edge of the preopercle, the rostral ones are shorter. Fins — dorsal 

 2/3 as high as the body, it commences somewhat anterior to the insertion of the ventral, and about midway 

 between the end of the snout and the base of the caudal fin, its last undivided ray is strong, osseous, smooth, 

 with its stifi' portion as long as the head excluding the snout. Pectoral as long as the head excluding the 

 snout, and not reaching the ventral. Anal laid flat does not extend to the base of the caudal which is deeply 

 forked. Lateral-line — complete, 2 to 2^ rows of scales between it and the ventral : 10 to 11 rows before tha 

 dorsal. Exposed portion of scales somewhat hexagonal. Pree portion of tail rather longer than high. Coloms — 

 deep bluish-gray, fins darker. 



The character of the interrupted groove behind the lower lip at once distinguishes this species from 

 B. hexasticTius. 



Habitat.- — ^Assam in the larger rivers, and those from the Himalayas. It attains npwards of 2 feet in 

 length, and takes a fly or bait freely. The specimen figured (9 inches in length) was from Suddya. McClelland 

 considered Oyprinus putitora, Ham. Buch. as a variety of this species, it is said to attain 9 feet in length. 



14. Barbus Dukai, Plate CXLIII, fig. 3. 



B. Ui, D. 13(f), P. 16, V. 9, A. 7(f), C. 19, L. 1. 28-29, L. tr. 4/4. 



Length of head 4| to 5, of caudal 4| to 6, height of body 4^ to 5 in the total length. Eyes—dimmBher 

 3| to 4 in the length of the head, 1\ diameters from the end of snout, and IJ apart. Body elongated and 

 compressed. ' Interorbital space rather convex. Sides of snout and below the eye with large open tubercles. 

 The maxilla reaches to beneath the commencement of the orbit. Lower labial fold interrupted. Ba/rhels — 

 the rostral pair are slightly longer than the orbit, the maxillary pair almost reach the angle of the preopercle. 

 Fvns—the dorsal commences rather nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin, and a httle in advance of 

 the insertion of the ventral, its last undivided ray is strong, osseous, with its stifp portion as long as the head 

 excluding the snout, the fin is 3/4 as high as the body below it, having its upper edge very concave. Lateral- 

 line— complete, 2i rows between it and the base of the ventral fin : 9 rows before the dorsal fin. The scales 

 covered with numerous horizontal strise. Free portion of the tail rather longer than high. Golowrs— oi a 

 leaden tinge along the upper portion of the body, becoming dull white shot with gold on the sides and beneath, 

 edges of scales darkest. Fins yellow, with a dark band having a lighter outer edge along the upper and lower 

 edge of the caudal fin. 



5a6itoi.— Teesta river Darjeeling, from whence Dr. Duka sent me several examples, and after whom I 

 have named it. The specimen figured (life-size) is the largest : its having pores on the side of the mouth ' 

 would seem to denote that it is not the fry of some larger species. 



15. Barbus tor, Plate CXXXVI, fig. 6 ; and CXL, fig. 1.* 

 Gypriwus, tor, mosal and putitora ? Ham. Buch. Fish. Gang. pp. 303, 306, 388 ; Gray and Hard. Ind. 



Zool ; McClelland, Ind. Cyp. pp. 271, 303, 337, 388, pi. xli, f. 3 ; Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 197 ; Jerdon, M. J. L. 



and S. 1849, p. 311. ^ 



Labeobarbus maarol&pis, Heckel, Fische aus Kashmir, p. 60, t. x. f. 2 ; Bleeker Beng p 60 



1 o.n ^»!'^««P'-''^«ems and megalepis, McClelland, Ind. Cyp. pp. 270, 271, 334, 337 ; Jerdon, M. J. L. and So. 



lo49, p. oil. 



Mangalore, ma" ^*''°""* "^ ^^* °'''™^ '''""'^ °'' "''' ^'^^^'««'^' ^""^ *« ^P™'' i' 'affords, see '■ The Rod in India," by H. S. Thomas, 



