FAMILY, V— CYPRINID^. 587 



3. Eohtee cotio, Plate CLI, fig. 1. 



Oyprvms cotio, Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 339, 393, pi. 39, f. 93 ; Cuv. and Val. xvii, p. 76. 



Abramis cotis, McOlell. Ind. Oyp. pp. 288, 388. 



Osteobrama cotis, Heckel, in Russ. Reiss. i, p. 1033. 



Leuciscus cotis, Cuv. and Val. xvii, p. 76 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 66. 



Abramis Gcmgetious, Swains. Msh. ii, p. 285. 



Va/riety, Rohtee Alfrediana, Plate CXLVII, fig. 2. 

 Leuciscus Dmicmcelii, Cuv. and Val. xvii, p. 77 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 66. 

 Leuciscus Alfredicmus, Cuv. and Val. xvii, p. xvi, (index) pi. 488. 

 Osteobrama cotis, Blyth, J. A. S. of Bengal, 1860, p, 158. 

 Osteobrama Alfredianus, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 324. 



Koii and Goonta, Beng. : Ooordah, Chen-da-lah and Much-nee, Hind. (N. W. Prov.) : Futtoo und Duh-riee, 

 Sind. ; Nga-hpcm^ma, Burm. 



B. iii, D. 11-12(V), P. 13, V. 10, A. 29-36(^:f3), 0. 19, L. 1. 65-70, L. tr. 9-15/14-21. 



Length of head 5i to 6, of caudal 4i to 5, height of body 3 to 3| in the total length. %es— diameter 

 2i to 3 in the length of head, 1/2 a diameter from the end of the snout, and 1 to li apart. Profile over nape 

 concave, from thence a great rise to the base of the dorsal fin. Upper jaw slightly the longer. Barbels — 

 absent or very rudimentary. Fins — dorsal commences rather nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin, 

 its osseous ray is weak and serrated. Pectoral reaches to over the ventral and the latter to the anal. Caudal 

 lobed, the lower lobe the longer. Scales — vary in number along the lateral-line, whilst in some specimens (var. 

 cotio) the rows are_ very irregular in the last 3/4 of the body below the lateral-line. The number of rows 

 between the lateral-line and base of the ventral fin also varies, being most in the variety B. cotio (12-13), whereas 

 in B. Alfrediana there are rarely more than 7 or 8 : 24 rows of scales before the base of the dorsal fin. 

 OoZotws— silvery, darkest along the back and sometimes with a silvery lateral band. Some have a black blotch 

 before the base of the dorsal fin, and another on the nape. 



These two forms which diverge as widely as given in the two figures show every intermediate gradation. 

 Osteobrama cotio, Giinther, is not this species, but identical with B. Vigor sii, Sjkes=Osteobrama rapax, Giinther. 



Habitat. — From Sind throughout India (except the Malabar Coast and south of the Kistna) and Burma. 

 It attains at least 6 inches in length. 



4. Rohtee Vigorsii, Plate CXLVII, fig. 3. 



Sykes, Trans. Zool. Soc. 1841, p. 36, pi. 63, f. 3 ; Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 379. 



Systomus Vigorsii, Bleeker, Beng. p. 62. 



Abramis Vigorsii, Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1849, p. 319. 



Osteobrama rapax, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 323. 



Osteobrama cotio, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 323 (not Ham. Buch.) 



Gollund, Goriah : Khi/ra, Tel. 



B. iii,D. ll(l-), P. 19, V. 10, A. 25-28(^:f^), C. 19, L. 1. 75-80, L. tr. 16-18/21. 



Length of head 5, of caudal 4 to 6, height of body 3 to 4 in the total length. Fyes — diameter 3 to 3^ 

 in the length of head, 1 diameter from end of snout and also apart. Body very compressed. Dorsal profile 

 elevated, a concavity from the snout to over the nape. Mouth anterior, the lower jaw being somewhat longer 

 than {he- upper, whilst posteriorly the cleft of the mouth extends to below the anterior margin of the orbit. 

 Preorbital jnearly as high as broad, suborbitals very narrow. Barbels — absent or a very rudimentary maxillary 

 pair. TeeiA— pharyngeal, crooked, 6, 4, 2/2, 4, 5. Gill -rakers short and rather widely separated. Fins — dorsal 

 commences midway between the base of the ventral and anal, its spine strong and deeply denticulated, its 

 osseous portion not so long as the head. Pectoral as long as the head excluding the snout. Caudal deeply 

 forked, lower lobe the longer. Lateral-line — most strongly developed in the first few scales : 11 rows between 

 tEe lateral-line and base of the ventral fin: 34 rows before the base of the dorsal fin. Colours — greenish 

 superiorly, silvery beneath : snout black : the caudal fin slightly stained with gray. The young have a silvery 

 liand along the side. 



Habitat. — Deccan, Kistna and Godavery rivers to their terminations. It attains at least 9 inches in 

 length. 



6. Rohtee Belangeri, Plate CXLVII, fig. 4. 



Leuciscus Belamgeri, Cuv. and Val. xvii, p. 99. 



Systomus microlepis, Blyth, J. A. S. of Bengal, 1858, p. 289, and 1860, p. 158. 



Bohtee Bh/thU, Bleeker, Prod. Cyp. p. 281. 



SmAUogaster Belamgeri, Bleeker, Atl. loh. Cyp. p. 33 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 328. 



Osteobrama microlepis^ Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 325. 



Nga-hpeh-oung and Nga-net-hya, Burm. 



B. iii, D. 11-12( V), P- 17, V. 9, A. 20-21(yy!T8), C. 17, L. 1. 68-73, L. tr. 18/22. 



4 F 2 



