592 PHTSOSTOMI. 



ray : caudal forked, lower lobe slightly the longer. Lateral-lvne — 2 rows o£ scales between it and the base 

 of the ventral fin. Gill-rakers rudimentary. Colours — grayish, becoming white on the abdomen. A row of 

 large bluish spots along the side. Dorsal, anal, and pectoral fins margined with white, and having dark gray 

 bases. Caudal gray in the centre. 



This species is very closely allied to B. Gcma/rmsis, of which it may be merely a local variety. It 

 forms the type of genus Pteropsa/rion, Giinther, excluded from Bourilms on account of its possessing more than 

 9 branched dorsal rays* and suborbitals entirely covering the cheeks (which they do not quite effect). As 

 B. gatmsis, with an equally broad suborbital ring, has 8 branched dorsal rays, I cannot consider such a 

 subdivision of the genus as natural or desirable. 



Habitat. — Hill ranges of Travancore, whence I received several specimens collected by the Eev. H. 

 Baker. It attains 6 inches in length. 



8. Barilius gatensis, Plate CXLIX, fig. 2. 



Leucisms gatensis, Cuv. and Val. xvii, p. 309, pi. 603 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 68. 



Opsamus gatensis, Bleeker, Pro. Gyp. p. 288. 



Barilvus rugosus. Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, p. 294 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 291. 



Barilius gatmsis, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 291 ; Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 373. 



Choa/ree (at Coonoor) and Aart-candee (Bowany), Tam. " River carp." 



B. iii, D. 10-12(|:|), P. 16, V. 9, A. 15-17(t^?t4) C. 18, L. 1. 39-40, L. tr. 8/5. 



Length of head 4i to 4|, of caudal 5^ to 6i, height of body 4 to 4| in the total length. Hyes — diameter 

 3 to 4J in the length of head, 1 to 1|- diameters from end of snout, IJ diameters apart. Mouth pointed, its 

 cleft extending to below the centre of the orbit. The third suborbital bone is about three times as broad as 

 the uncovered portion of the cheek below it. The anterior portion of the snout and the sides of the jaws 

 covered with large glands : there are likewise some on the lower jaw. Barbels — two very minute pairs which 

 appear to be sometimes wanting. Teeth — pharyngeal, crooked, pointed, 6, 3 or 4, 2/2, 4 or 3, 5. Fins — dorsal 

 commences midway between the end of the snout and the middle of the caudal fin, extending to above the third 

 anal ray. Pectoral as long as the head excluding the snout, its outer ray stiff. Caudal moderately lobed, the 

 lower very slightly the longer. Lateral-lvne — 2|- rows of scalep between it and the base of the ventral fin. 

 Golows — silvery gray with about 16 vertical bars descending from the back, and which become more or less 

 broken up in the adult. Dorsal and anal with dark bases and light margins. The females and young generally 

 have smooth scales, whereas most of the adult males have one or more rough spots on each. 



' Habitat. — Western Ghauts of Malabar and NeUgherry hills, up to about 5000 feet above the level of the 

 sea. ,It attains at least 6 inches in length. The example figured (life-size) was from the Neilgherry hiUs.- 



9. Barilius Canarensis, Plate CXLIX, fig. 1. 



Opsarius Ganarensis and Malaba/ricus, Jerdon, M. J. L. and S. 1849, p. 329. 

 Banilius Ganarensis, Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 374. 



B. iii, D. 12-13(to?tt)> P- 15, V. 9, A. 14-16(y^?T^), C. 21, L. 1. 38, L. tr. 9/4. 



Length of head 4i to 4J, of caudal 6 to 6|, height of body 3J to 3f in the total length. Eyes — diameter 

 3^ in length of head, 1 diameter from end of snout and also apart. Suborbitals nearly cover the cheek. The 

 posterior extremity of the maxilla reaches to below the anterior third of the, orbit. 5arieZs— absent. 

 Fins — the dorsal fin commences midway between the snout and the base of the caudal. Lateral-line — 2^^ rows of 

 scales between it and the base of the ventral fin : 1 5 rows before the dorsal fin. Gill-rakers distinct. Golov/rs — 

 greenish above, golden on ihe sides, a single or double row of large vertical green spots along the body. Fins 

 gray, with broad white margins. 



Opsarhis Malaba/ricus, Jerdon, appears to be a variety of this species. 1 have received a very complete 

 series from Canara, collected by H. S. Thomas, Esq., C. S., and I can find no difference, except in the dorsal fin 

 being a Httle higher and a row of small blue spots (9-12) exists along the middle of the side, sometimes 2 rows 

 being present in the first third of the body. 



Habitat. — Canara and Malabar on the Western coast ; attaining 6 inches in length. 

 10. Barilius barna, Plate CXLVIII, fig. 1 (young), and 2 (ad/ult). 



Cyprvrms ba/rna, Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 268, 384 ; Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 419. 



Opsamm,s fasciatus, latipimnatus and acantJwptems, McClell. Ind. Cyp. pp. 269, 298, 417, 422, pi. 48, f. 7, 

 and 9 ; Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 472. 



Gyprimus ba/rna, Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 419. 



Leuciscus acanthopterus and ba/rna, Bleeker, Beng. v. 66. 



Barili/as ba/rna, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 290. 



Barilius papillatus. Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 378 (young). 



Bahri, Ooriah : Balisimdree and Oz-o-la, Assam. 



B. iii, D. 9(f), P. 15, V. 9, A. 13.14(^?tt), C. 19, L. 1. 39-42, L. tr. 8-9/6. 



-.L , *, ^^OP"^''^ is said to hare " dorsal fin elongate, with more than 9 branched lays :" and Ba/rilms to have " dorsal fin short, 

 with less than 9 branched rays ' ! 



