FAMILY, VI-CLUPEID^. 639 



Clwpea a/rgyrotcmia, Giintlier, Catal. vii, p. 423 ; Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 101, t. 2C4, fig. 5. 

 GVwpea Hie, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 460. 



B. vi, R 14-16(^?tt). P- 13, V. 8, A. 17.20f-,^?rr), 0. 21, L. 1. 38-40, L. tr. 9-10. 



Length of head 5 to 5|, of caudal 5 to 5i, height of body 3^ to 3f in the total length. %es— vrith 

 broad adipose lids, diameter 3 to 3^ in the length of head, 2/3 of a diameter from end of snout and also apart. 

 Dorsal profile nearly horizontal, abdominal very convex. Snout obtuse, lower jaw slightly the longer. The 

 maxilla reaches to below the first third of the orbit. Smooth portion of opercle 1/4 higher than wide : sub- 

 opercle almost triangular. Teei^— present on pterygoids, and a band along the centre of the. tongue : none on 

 jaws, vomer, or palatines. Fins — ^^dorsal commences nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin : its upper 

 edge concave : pectoral not reaching to above the ventral, the latter being inserted under the anterior dorsal 

 rays. Caudal moderately forked. Gill-rakers closely set and 1/2 as long as the eye : pseudobranohiee well 

 developed. Scales — rather adherent and in regular rows : their edges smooth : about 15 rows before the base 

 of the dorsal fin : scutes strong, from 16 to 18 anterior, and 11 to 12 posterior to the base of the ventral fin. 

 Free portion of tail as deep as long. Colours — golden shot with purple, a brilliant silvery band along the side, 

 as deep as one scale. Caudal dark tipped, shot with blue. A brilliant bronze coloured spot on occiput. 



In Clupea wrgyrotcenia, Bleeker, that author noticed teeth on the vomer, the existence of which is denied 

 by Giinther : Dr. Bleeker having examined one of my Bombay examples with those in his collection, considered 

 them to be distinct, the caudal fin being more dark in specimens from the Malay Archipelago. 



Habitat. — Seas of India and Burma to the Malay Archipelago. It attains to about 4 inches in length. 

 The example figured (life-size) was from Bombay. It is found in vast numbers along the Western coast oi 

 India. 



b. — No teeth inside mouth. 



9. Clupea variegata, Plate CLXI, fig. 4. 



Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 623. 



B. vi, D. 15-18(Tf:t3), P. 17, V. 8, A. U-2%^^1^), C. 17, L. 1. 90, L. tr. 35. 



Length of head 4| to 4f, of caudal 4 to 4^, height of body 3 in the total length. Eyes— -with, broad 

 adipose margins, diameter 4 to 45- in length of head, 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout, above 1 apart. 

 Abdominal profile more convex than the dorsal. Jaws of about equal length : the maxilla extending to beneath 

 the centre of the orbit. Opercles smooth. Teeth — -very minute on tongue if present : none on jaws, vomer, or 

 palatines. Fins — dorsal commences rather nearer to the snout than to the base of the caudal : ventrals situated 

 below the first third of the dorsal fin i anal in the posterior third of the distance between the posterior margin 

 of the orbit and the base of the caudal fin. Scales — regularly arranged behind a line from the opercles to the 

 base of the anal fin, anterior to which they are very irregular. Pseudobranchiee well developed. Gill-rakers 

 closely set, and not quite as long as the eye. Serrated scales commence under the middle of the pectoral ; ten 

 are posterior to the ventral fin, and about ten anterior to it. Colours — silvery, glossed with gold and bronze. 

 A dark humeral spot. A row of about 18 bars passes across the back and descends a short way over the sides. 

 Dorsal fin with a black band in the lower portion of its posterior half. End of taU tipped with black. 



This appears to be the Burmese representative of G. chapra. 



Eabitat. — Irrawaddi and its branches. Many specimens procured up to 7 inches in length. 



10. Clupea chapra, Plate CLXI, fig. 1. 



ClupoModon chapra, Ham. Buch. Fish, Ganges, pp. 248, 283. 



Clupea Indioa, Gray and Hard. 111. Ind. Zool. fig. (from H. B.'s MSS.) ; Giinther, CataL vii, p. 444. 



Clwpea champil. Gray and Hard. 1. c. fig. (? young). 



Alausa miarolepis, Cuv. and Val. xx, p. 439 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 145. 



Pellona champil, Cuv. and Val. xx, p. 324. 



Clupea chapra, Day, Proo. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 385. 



Coori, Bengali. 



B. vi, D. 14-16(t|:a^), P. 13, V. 8, A. 21-24(„!^), C. 17, L. 1. 80-110, L. tr. 33-35. 

 ■Length of head 4| to 4^ (4 in the young), of caudal 4^ to 5, height of body 3^ to 4 in the total 

 length. Eyes — ^with broad adipose lids, diameter 3i to 4 in the length of head, 2/3 of a diameter from end of 

 snout, and 1 to li apart. Abdominal profile more convex than the dorsal : the maxilla straight and rather 

 narrow, reaching to below the anterior third or centre of the orbit : opercle 2/3 wide as deep : sub-opercle large, 

 tapering posteriorly. Teeii^— absent. Pins — origin of dorsal opposite or slightly before that of the ventral,, 

 and a little nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin, it is highest anteriorly : pectoral does not quite 

 reach the ventral, anal highest in front : caudal deeply forked, lower lobe slightly the longer, centre rays not 

 so long ap one diameter of the orbit. Scales— smooth, placed in horizontal rows except over the abdomen : 18 

 to 19 scutes anterior and 9 to 10 posterior to the ventral fin : 23 to 25 rows before the base of the dorsal fin. 



