644 PHYSOSTOMI. 



abdominal profile more convex than tliat o£ the back. The maxilla reaches to beneath the middle of the orbit. 

 The posterior halves of the ridges on the summit of the head are nearly parallel one to the other. Teeth -on 

 jaws, tongue and palate. J'ms— origin of dorsal fin slightly nearer to the snout than to the base of the caudal, 

 and situated entirely in front of the anal, the length of the base of this latter fin being equal to 1/3 of that 

 of the total length excluding the caudal fin : ventral fin nearly as long as the eye. Scales— 16 rows anterior to 

 the base of the dorsal fin : there are seven to eight scutes along the abdominal profile posterior to the base of 

 the ventral, and 15 or 16 anterior to it. Golows—Bilvevj, with mother-of-pearl reflections, and having a 

 burnished lateral-band. There are some fine dots on the fins, and along the edges of some of the scales. 

 Caudal fin with a dark outer edge : a dark band along the middle of the dorsal fin. 



Habitat.— Assa.m, Bengal and Orissa, descending as low as the coast. _ It does not appear to attain much 

 above 4 inches in length. The example figured (life-size), was from Orissa. 



4. Pellona Indica, Plate CLXIV, fig. 4. 



Clupea, Russell, Fish. Vizag. ii, p. 78, and Ditohoee, pi. 192. 



Platygaster Indicus, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 294. 



Pellona ditchoa, Guv. and Val. xx, p. 313 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 72, and Haring. p. 24 ; Giinther, Catal. 

 vii, p. 455. 



Pellona Indicus, Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, p. 145. 



nisha Indica, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 11 8, t. 259, f. 4. 



Poo-na-no-dah, Andamanese. 



B. vi. D. 17(-Ar), P. 16, V. 7, A. 39-40(3e!3T) 0. 17, L. 1. 44, L. tr. 13-14. 



Length of head 4^, of caudal fin 4f , height of body 3^ to 3| in the total length. Eyes — diameter 2f 

 to 3 in the length of head, 2/3 of a diameter from end of snout and 1/2 a diameter apart. Abdominal profile 

 more convex than the dorsal. The maxilla reaches to below the anterior 1/3 of the eye. Opercle rather 

 more than twice as high as wide, not striated. The posterior halves of the ridges on the occiput are parallel 

 one to the other. Teeth — in the jaws, tongue, palatine and pterygoid bones. Pirns — dorsal commences rather 

 nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin, its base being entirely, or almost so, in advance of that of the 

 anal, the length of the base of the latter fin being 2f to 3 in that of the body excluding the caudal fin. 

 Ventral small, shorter than the eye and inserted rather in advance of the origin of the dorsal. 5caZes— with 

 the edges rather roughened, and having one or two vertical lines : 25 to 26 scutes, 18 being between the throat 

 and base of ventral fin. Colours — greenish along the back, becoming silvery shot with purple and gold on 

 the sides and below : dorsal fin often tipped with black. 



Pellona micr opus, C. V. xx, p. 320, appears to be closely allied to this species, D. 17, A. 42, L. 1. 47. 

 Height of body 3^ in the total length : 27 scutes along the abdominal edge. 



Habitat. — East Coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



5. Pellona ditchela, Plate CLXV, fig. 5. 



Clupea, Russell, Fish. Vizag. ii, p. 72, and Bitehellee, pi. 188. 

 Pellona ditchela, Cuv. and Val. xx, p. 314 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 72. 



B. vi, D. 18(J-5-), P. 16, V. 6, A. 36A0(-^^'^-sj-), C. 19, L. 1. 40-44, L. tr. 14. 



Length of head 4|, of caudal fin 5, height of body 4<^ in the total length. Eyes — diameter about 1/3 

 of length of head, nearly 1 diameter from end of snout, and 1/2 a diameter apart. Abdominal profile rather 

 more convex than the dorsal. The maxilla reaches to below the middle of the orbit : anteriorly a bone, 

 armed with teeth instead of a ligament, connects the premaxillaries to the maxilla (as in P. Hoevenii), 

 The posterior halves of the ridges on the occiput converge. Teeth — in jaws, tongue, and palate. Fins — origin 

 of the dorsal rather nearer the snoat than the base of the caudal fin, whilst the fin is entirely in advance of the 

 anal. Ventral nearly as long as the eye. Length of base of the anal equal to 3| in the total length excluding 

 the caudal fin. Scales — scutes well developed, 23 anterior and 10 posterior to the base of the ventral fin. 

 Golowrs — silvery, with a burnished lateral-band, the upper edge of the dorsal fin rather dark. 



This may be Clupea melastoma, Bl. Schn. p. 427, and Pellona melastoma, Cuv. and Val. xx, p. 308, which 

 has A. 34. 



Habitat. — Coromandel Coast of India. I received several examples from Madras, where they were 

 collected by Dr. Keess. Unfortunately they are not in a good state of preservation. None are larger than the 

 example figured. 



6. Pellona Hoevenii, Plate CLXV, fig. 6. 



Bleeker, Haring. p. 21, and Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind. iii, p. 712 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 455. 



Ilisha Hoevenii, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 117, t. 269, f. 2. 



B. vi, D. 18(t^), p. 17, V. 7, A. 36(3^), L. 1. 43, L. tr. 13. 



Length of head 4^, of caudal 5, height of body 3| in the total length. Eyes — diameter 2| to 3 in the 

 length of the head, 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout, and 1 apart. Abdominal profile rather more convex than 

 that of the dorsal. The maxilla reaches to below the middle of the eye. Opercle rather more than twice 



