FAMILY, VI— CLUPEID^. 645 



as Hgh as wide. The posterior halves of the ridges on the occiput meet posteriorly. Teeth— on the laws 

 tongue, palatine and pterygoid bones : also along a small accessory bone extending between the premaxillaries 

 and the superior maxillary. JYws— dorsal commences rather nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin 

 and IS entirely or almost so, m advance of the anal : the length of the base of the latter fin being 31 in the 

 distance between the snout and the base of the caudal. Ventral small, shorter than the eye. Scales— with 

 the edges almost smooth : 22 scutes, 13 being anterior to the base of the ventral fin. OoZoMr«— greenish along 

 the back, becoming silvery with mother-of-pearl reflections on the sides and beneath. 



The chief points of difference between this species and P. ditchoa, consist in the posterior halves of the 

 ridges m the occipital region being convergent and not parallel to one another : and in the ligament extendino- 

 anteriorly from the premaxillaries to the maxillaries being replaced by a toothed bone. ° 



Habitat.— Coromandel Coast of India where it abounds, to the Malay Archipelago. 



B. — Dorsal fin situated entirely or paniially above the anal. 

 1. Pellona brachysoma, Plate CLXIV, fig. 2. 



Bleeker, Verb. Bat. Gen. xxiv, Haring. p. 22 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 456. 



Bisha brachysoma, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 118, t. 267, f. 5. 



Paunia puiee, Ooriah. 



B. vi, D. 16-17(„?T^), P. 16, V. 7, A. 46-51(^3?^), C. 17, L. 1. 43-44, L. tr. 14-15. 



Length of head 4| to 4|-, of caudal fin 5, height of body 3^ to Z\ in the total length. %es— diameter 

 3 in the length of head, 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout, and 1/2 a diameter apart. Abdominal profile 

 more convex than that of the back. The maxilla extends to below the middle of the orbit. The posterior 

 halves of the ridges on the occiput are nearly parallel one to the other. Teeth — on tongue, jaws, and palate. 

 Fins — the dorsal commences midway between the snout and the posterior end of the base of the anal, over 

 which latter fin its last few rays extend. Ventral small. Length of base of the anal fin 2\ to 2f in the total 

 excluding_ the caudal fin. Scales — 18 scutes anterior to the ventral fin, and 8 posterior to it. CoZoMrs— golden 

 glossed with purple. 



Sabitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



8. Pellona megaloptera, Plate CLXV, fig. 2. 

 Clupea, Eussell, ii, p. 73, and Jangarloo, pi. 191. 

 Platygaster megalopterus, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 294. 

 Pellona Leschenaultii, Bleeker, Java, 11 (not Cuv. and Val.) 

 Pellona BusselUi, Bleeker, Haring. p. 23. 

 Pellona megalopterus, Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, p. 145. 

 Pellona motius, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 456 (part). 

 Ilisha megaloptera, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 119, t. 264, f. 6. 



B. vi, D. 17-18(t^?.3^), p. 17, V. 7, A. 43-50(to?*t). C. 17, L. 1. 48-50, L. tr. 14-15. 



Length of head 4^ to 4f , of caudal fin 4|, height of body 3f to 4 in the total length. Eyes — diameter 2| 

 to 3 in the length of the head, 8/4 of a diameter from end of snout, and 1/4 of a diameter apart. Abdominal 

 profile slightly more convex than that of the back. The maxilla extends to nearly beneath the middle of 

 the orbit. The posterior halves of the occipital ridges are parallel Teeth — on jaws, tongue, and palate. 

 Pirns — dorsal commences about midway between the snout and the base of the caudal tin, its last few rays are 

 above the commencement of the anal, its first ray is over the centre of the interspace between the ventral and 

 origin of the anal fins. Pectoral reaches to above the ventral, which last is not half so long as the eye, and 

 is sometimes entirely absent. Length of base of anal equal to nearly 1/3 of the length of the body excluding 

 the caudal fin. Scales — 22 scutes anterior, and 8 posterior to the ventral fin. 



Pellona Dussumieri, C. V. xx, p. 316, pi. 596, may be this species, but if so the ventral fins are shown 

 larger than I have seen them in the fish : in fact they are minute and even absent iu some examples. The 

 origin of the dorsal fin is also shown as immediately above the insertion of the ventral. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



9. Pellona Sladeni, Plate CLXIV, fig. 1. 



Day, Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 1869, p. 623. 



B. vi, 13(^), P. 11, V. 7, A. 44(Jt), C. 21, L. 1. 48, L. tr. 10. 



Length of head 5, of caudal fin 8, height of body 5j in the total length. Eyes — diameter 1/4 of length 

 of head, 1 diameter from end of snout. Ridges on the occiput slightly diverge posteriorly. _ The maxilla reaches 

 to below the middle of the eye. Fins — first two dorsal rays in advance of anal, the remainder of the fin over 

 it, it arises midway between the base of the caudal and the posterior extremity of the opercle._ Pectoral 

 reaohes to nearly the end of the ventral, which is small. Caudal forked. 23 spina,te scales exist on the 

 abdominal profile anterior to the ventral fins, and 10 posterior to them. Colours — silvery, opercles golden : 

 caudal edged with black. 



Habitat.— lrra,waddi as high as Mandalay. A single example obtained, 7 inches in length. 



