FAMILY, VI— CLUPETD^. 647 



Apterygia Sa/miUonii, Cuv. and Val. xx, p. 333. 

 Pristigastear BMSselKoMus, Gunther, Catal. vii, p. 462. 



B. vi, P. 13, A. 92(V\y), C. 19, L. 1. 64, L. tr. 12. 



Length, of head 6i to 7, of caudal 7, height of body 4^ to 4J in the total length. %es— diameter 

 3 to 3^ in length of head, 2/3 to 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout and also apart. Body strongly 

 compressed: end of lower jaw forms a portion of the dorsal profile which is concave above the orbit, 

 whilst the anterior portion of the abdominal profile is very convex : snout obtuse: maxilla extends to opposite 

 the middle of the eye. Teeth — ^fine along the whole extent of the maxilla, also on the lower jaw, palate and 

 tongue. • Fins — ^upper pectoral ray enlarged, it does not extend so far as to above the root of the anal : caudal 

 deeply forked, the lower lobe the longer. Scales — in regular horizontal rows, covering body and along the 

 base of the anal fin, they are very deciduous : from 31 to 38 weak scutes along the abdominal edge. Gill- 

 rakers nearly as long as eye and about 28 in number on the lower branch of the outer branchial arch. 

 Pseudobranohiffl well developed. Golowrs — a narrow dark bluish band along the back, succeeded by a light 

 bronze line, which is divided by a lighter and wider band from a broad silvery one passing from the head to the 

 caudal fin. A deep brown or black spot exists on the shoulder, which is sometimes continued on to the opercle. 

 The young are a beautiful purple with a silvery band. 



Habitat. — Bay of Bengal to the Malay Archipelago, the young are common in the Sunderbunds. 



Fourth group— DussuMiEEMPOEMES. 



Mouth antero-lateral, the upper jaw not projecting. Eyes with free adipose lids, no osseous gular 

 plate. Abdominal edge smooth. 



Genus, 9 — Ddssumieeu, Gwder and Valenciennes. 



BroMchiostegals nttmerous : pseudohroMchice well developed. Gill-membranes entirely sepa/rate. Body 

 somewhat elongated, compressed : abdomen rovmded, not serrated. Snout pointed : upper jaw not projecting ; cleft of 

 mouth of moderate width. Eyes with broad adipose lids. Small fimed teeth in the jaws, and vilUform ones on the 

 palatines, pterygoids, amd on the tongue, but absent from the vomer. Dorsal fin opposite to the ventral: anal of 

 moderate length. Scales of mediv/m or rather small size, very deciduous. Pyloric appendages mwmerous. 



Geographical distribution. — From Sind throughout the seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and 

 China. 



SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES. 



1. Dussumieria Hasseltii, D. 17-20, A. 15-16, L. 1. 52-66. Height of body 5f to 6|- in the total length. 

 Canara, Coromandel Coast of India to the Malay Archipelago and China. 



2. Dussumieria acuta, D. 19-20, A. 14-17, L. 1. 40-42. Height of body 5 to 5| in the total length. 

 Sind, through the seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



1. Dussumieria Hasseltii, Plate CLXVI, fig. 5. 



Bleeker, Chiroc. p. 13, or Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind. i, p. 422 (ex parte). 



Dussumieria elopsoides, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 466 (not Bleeker). 



B. xv-xix, D. l7.20(i^-J-j), P. 15, V. 8, A. 15-16(VI), C. 19, L. 1. 52-56, L. tr. 12. 



Length of head 4J to 5, of caudal 4i to 5, height of body 5| to 6| in the total length. %es— with 

 broad adipose lids, diameter 4 to 4i in the length of the head, IJ diameters from the end of snout, and 1 apart. 

 Snout pointed, the greatest height of the head equals its length excluding the snout. The maxilla reaches to 

 beneath the front edge of the orbit : jaws of the same length anteriorly, or the lower slightly projecting 

 Teeth-in a single row in the jaws, also present on the tongue, palatines, and pterygoids. Fins—dorsai 

 commences midway between the hind edge of the eye and the base of the caudal fin : ventral inserted beneath 

 the last half of the dorsal. Scales— yery deciduous. Gill-rakers rather widely set, the longest being about 1/2 

 as long as the eye, and 19 on the lower branch of the outer branchial arch. The branchiostegals of the lett 

 side overlap those of the right to a slight extent. Golours—oi a beautiful green, shot with blue Upper 

 margin of the opercle and along the back of a light blue, below which is a bronzed Ime, and below that again 

 a silvery one shot with pink. Caudal shot with blue, green, and gold. Upper surface of head and eye emerald 

 green. Pectoral, ventral, and anal white, except the first ray of the pectoral which has a little black on it. 

 Dorsal yellowish-green. End of snout greenish. Byes white. , , . , j n-u- m. 



Eahitat.—¥vom Canara and ' the Coromandel Coast of India to the Malay Archipelago and China, ihe 

 largest example obtained in Canara was 8 inches in length. It is not nearly so common as the D. acuta. 



2. Dussumieria acuta, Plate CLXVI, fig. 4. 

 Clupea, Kussell, Fish. Vizag. ii, p. 80, and Marrawa, pi. ccii. 



