FAMILY, X— MUR^NID^. 671 



of moderate size, the moutli can be completely shut : one or two of anterior vomerine series, subulate and 

 larger than those in the premaxillaries. Co Zowrs— brownish, covered with fine dark spots on 'the head and 

 body, amongst which are reticulated yellow lines, most distinct in the caudal region. Sometimes a white 

 edge to fins. Gill-opening usually surrounded by a black spot. 



Habitat. — Coasts of Sind and India to the Malay Archipelago. 



11. Mursena undulata, Plate CLXXI, fig. 5 (young), and CLXXIII, fig. 2 (achiU). 



Mivrmno'phis wndmlata, Lacep. v, pp. 629, 644. 



Mwrmna dnerascens, Riippell, Atl. Fisch. p. 120 ; Giinther, Catal. viii, p. 123. 



Murmna ooMcellata, Richards. Erebus and Terror, Fish. p. 87, pi. xlvi, fig. 1-6 ; Bleeker, Mur. p. 74, 

 Sumatra, p. 531, and Batoe, p. 326. 



Murmna Valenoiennu, Eyd. and Soul. Voy. Bon. Poiss. p. 207, t. viii, f. 1. 



Murmna Agassizi, Bleeker, Kokos, p. 468. 



Thyrsoidea canaellata, Kanp, Apod. p. 76, f. 69. 



Gymnothorax eancellatus, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. iv, p. 93, t. clxxvi, f. 3, and t. clxxvii, f. 2, and t. clxxxiii, 

 fig. 1 ; Kner, Novara Fische, p. 384. 



Gymnothorax Agassizi, Bleeker, 1. c. p. 96, t. clxxxv, f. 2. 



Murmna nubila, Giinther, Fish. Zanz. p. 127 (not Richardson). 



Murmna undmlata, Giinther, Catal. viii, p. 110 ; Klunz. F. Roth. Meer. 1871, p. 616. 



Length of head 3i to 3^ in the distance between the end of the snout and the vent : tail a little longer 

 than the trunk. Eyes — 1| to 2 diameters from the end of the snout, and about midway between the 

 angle of the mouth and the end of the snout. Length of cleft of mouth 2| to 2\ in the length of the head. 

 GiQ-openiEg about as wide as the eye. Anterior nasal tube short. Mouth cannot be completely shut : snout 

 pointed. Teeth — in a single row, occasionally one or two additional ones forming an inner row in the 

 maxilla : normally 4 pairs of canines in the mandibles, and 18 to 20 teeth in either ramus of mandibles : 2 

 canines in the maxilla. Colours — of light brownish, covered with irregularly sized blotches, and usually light 

 reticulated lines over the body most distinct posteriorly : no black spot at gUl-opening : no white edge to 

 fins. 



Habitat. — Red Sea, East Coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and Pacific Ocean. 

 The figure on plate CLXXI, is from an example figured life-size : that on plate CLXXIII, is from an 

 adult. 



13. MnrsBna flavimarginata. 



Riippell, Atl. p. 119, t. xxx, f. 3 ; Giinther, Pish. Zanzibar, p. 127, and Catal. viii, p. 119 ; Klunz. Fische 

 Roth. Meer. 1871, p. 616. 



? Murmna biUneata, Riippell, N. W. Fische, p. 84. 



Murmna pratbernon, Richards. Erebus and Terror, Fish. p. 84. 



StropMdon fia/aimarginatus, McClelland, Cal. Joum. Nat. Hist, v, p. 214. 



Murmna Batuensis and Ja/oanioa, Bleeker, Batoe, p. 241, and Java, p. 347. 



? Thyrsoidea grisea, Kaup, Apod. p. 92, f. 95. 



Gymnothorax Javanicus, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. iv, p. 96, t. clxxix, f. 2. 



Cfymnothorax flavomarginatus, Bleeker, 1. c. t. clxxvi, f. 2, and t. clxxviii, f. 3, and Fauna Madagascar, 

 pt. iv, Poissons, p. 72. 



Length of head 3| to 4 in the distance between the end of the snout and the vent : tail rather shorter than 

 the trunk. Uyes — small, from 2 to 2| diameters in the length of the snout, and situated about midway between 

 the angle of the mouth and the end of the snout. Anterior nasal tubes very short : snout rather elevated. 

 Length of cleft of mouth 2| in the length of the head. The mouth can be completely closed. Gill-opening 

 wider than the eye. Teeth— in a single row, except the vomerine band which is bifurcated anteriorly : canines 

 of moderate size. Golowrs — light brown or yellowish brown, marbled or spotted with darker : the head and end 

 of tail nearly black. Gill-opening in a black spot. Fins usually with a light edge. 



Klunz. Fische Roth. Meer. 1871, p. 616, considers Murmna Javaniea, as distinct from M. flavi- 

 nata. 



Habitat.— 'ReA. Sea, Seychelles Archipelago, Bourbon, Mauritius, and seas of India to the Malay 



Archipelago. 



13. Mursena afra. 



Gymmothorax afer, Bloch. t. 417; Bl. Schn. p. 626. 



Mwrmnophis afra, Lac6p. p. 642. 



Gymnothorax funebris, Ranzani, Nov. Comm. Ac. Sc. Inst. Bonon. iv, 1840, p. 76. 



Murmna lineopirmis and prasini, Richards. Erebus and Terror, Fish. pp. 89, 93. 



Mu/rmna Boschii and monochrous, Bleeker, Mur. p. 62, Sumatra, p. 103, and Temate, p. 384. 



Murmna tristis, Kaup, Apod. p. 62. 



