Some Insects Insurious ro VEGETABLES 1348 
and came into New York State about 1868 or 1870. The parent 
butterfly has two pairs of large, strong, white wings. Each of the 
front wings has a black patch in the 
outer corner and one or two black 
dots near the outer edge (Fig. 397). 
The butterflies appear early in the 
spring, and the mother insect soon be- 
gins to deposit her whitish or pale 
yellow eggs on the leaves of the cab- 
bage, one in a place. These hatch in 
about five days, and the tiny green 
worms appear. The velvety green 
caterpillars become full grown in 
about two weeks and each one trans- 
forms to a pupa which, owing to its 
peculiar appearance and_ silvery 
markings is called a _ chrysalis. 
The insect remains in the chrysalis 
stage from one to two weeks when the 
Fie. 397—TuHe Imported 
CABBAGE BUTTERFLY; MALE 
ABOVE, FEMALE BELOW 
butterfly appears, thus completing the life cycle (Fig. 398). There 
are at least three broods in New York. It hibernates as a chrysalis. 
Control. The caterpillars riddle the outer leaves of the plant 
and crawl down into the head, where they injure and soil the 
tender white leaves. 
Fic. 398— Parts or CABBAGE LEAF, WITH Eaes at 
A, CATERPILLARS AT B, AND CHRYSALIS AT C 
This cabbage pest is best controlled by spraying the cabbages 
with arsenate of lead, 3 pounds to 50 gallons of water, or with 
