IrrigaAtTing VEGETABLES IN New York 1353 
At Rochester a most ingenious method is employed. A concrete 
ring perhaps eighteen feet in diameter, four feet high and a foot 
thick is constructed with a sharp lower edge. This is strongly re- 
inforced. The soil is then dug out from the inside and it is 
allowed to sink as the work progresses. Concrete block are built 
upon the ring and thus the wall of the well is constructed as it 
gradually drops into its final place. Radial pipes are usually set 
in the concrete ring to permit the free inflow of water. Ifa stream 
can be dammed at an elevation of about one hundred feet above 
the gardens the gravity will supply sufficient pressure, a three 
and one-half inch pipe delivering approximately 100 gallons per 
minute at a distance of from five to seven hundred feet. An in- 
creasing number of gardeners are able to secure city water at such 
reasonable prices as to make this the best available supply. They 
take advantage of the rates which are accorded manufacturers 
who use relatively large quantities. 
ie OVERHEAD IRRIGATION 
The management of overhead irrigation apparatus presents 
some interesting questions. But little real experimental work has 
been directed along this line and the knowledge of the subject is 
based almost entirely on experience and opinions of growers. 
Most users believe that thorough irrigation less frequently is to 
be preferred to many light applications. Most men water at 
night or when it is cloudy, but some do not hesitate to use it even 
in mid-day, believing that the plants are benefitted by the cooling. 
The work should be so planned that the ground will not be muddy 
when produce is to be gathered from the field. Precautions must 
be taken against cracking with such crops as tomatoes and roots. 
This is usually occasioned by heavy watering after the plants have 
been kept quite dry. Care should be taken to avoid the develop- 
ment of rots of various sorts, in lettuce especially, as it nears 
maturity. 
DOES IRRIGATION PAY 4 
We have thus far neglected entirely the important question, 
does irrigation pay? The very rapid increase in the number of 
users of irrigation is quite conclusive evidence in its favor. Those 
who have had experience find it especially helpful when they sow 
