1442 Tur VecEetaBLe Inpustry 1x New York STaTE 
cents. It is strong enough to prevent injury by expressmen or 
other rough handling; it will protect the flowers perfectly, and it 
is open enough to allow the inspectors employed by the association 
to thoroughly inspect each package. 
One of the great advantages of using the crates is that of 
forcing the growers to grade their flowers according to size. With 
the barrel, grading is very seldom practiced. 
MARKETING 
The cauliflower crop from Long Island is moved by fast freight, 
the railroad often providing special trains. These special trains 
are put on whenever the shipments are large. A large amount 
of the shipment, especially to distant markets, is made in re- 
frigerator cars. The train leaves the east end of the island in 
the morning and arrives at Flatbush between six and seven in the 
evening. The barrels are then trucked to the consignee at New 
York City and go on sale early in the morning. The largest day’s 
shipment known to the writer has been 10,000 barrels. A car 
holds between 200 and 300 barrels, which are loaded on their 
sides in the car. 
Most of the flowers from Long Island are sold on commission 
through the association, or are purchased outright. At River- 
head, the head office of the association, drivers come in with their 
wagons, drive up to a platform, the auctioneer removes one or 
two barrels from the load, taking out the contents, and the load 
is sold on the contents of those barrels. The auctioneer asks for 
bids, and representatives of commission houses or the manager 
of the exchange bid on the barrels. If the price is too low, the 
manager raises the bids until they are sufficiently high, in this 
way assuring a fair price to the grower. 
In western New York the flowers are sold through the associa- 
tion, the association shipping to various cities according to orders, 
or wherever the manager thinks advisable. In some of the other 
sections of New York the cauliflower is carried on the market in 
open trays or crates and sold directly by the individual head, 
the dozen, or the load, the flowers going to individuals, hotels, res- 
taurants, stores and other places. 
