14 SPECIAL EQUINE THERAPY 



from the lungs, rales and gurgling sounds are heard in 

 the trachea. If it is from vessels in the nose these sounds 

 are not present, unless the hemorrhage has occurred in 

 company with an acute pulmonary disease. The diagno- 

 sis must then hinge on the foamy appearance of the 

 blood. 



Treatment of Bhinorrhagia. When nasal hemorrhage 

 is severe enough to require treatment in the horse, prompt 

 and active remedial efforts need to be resorted to. The 

 patient should, if possible, be backed into a single stall 

 and cross-tied as for dental work. By means of a long 

 dressing forceps the nostril, or if blood comes from both 

 sides, both nostrils, are quite snugly packed with gauze. 

 To facilitate the removal of the gauze after the hemor- 

 rhage is checked, it should be in one piece, and should 

 have been previously saturated with sweet oil. The sweet 

 oil prevents the adhesion of the gauze to the bleeding 

 spots, and also delays putrefaction in the event that the 

 gauze must remain in place for a considerable length of 

 time. As a rule it is safe to remove the gauze twenty- 

 four hours after the hemorrhage has been stopped. 



Whenever it is necessary to pack both nostrils, trache- 

 otomy must first be performed. Tracheotomy alone will 

 at times check a nasal hemorrhage, by making snorting 

 and blowing of the nose impossible. This gives an op- 

 portunity for clots to form and to remain in place. 



If the hemorrhage is not thought of such gravity as to 

 require packing of the nasal cavities, an attempt may be 

 made to check it by irrigating the nasal canal with a solu- 

 tion of supra-renal extract, or by the spraying of solution 

 of supra-renal extract into the nasal cavity with an atom- 

 izer having a long nozzle. 



Usually it saves time and trouble to proceed at once 

 with the gauze packing. Irrigating, spraying or swab- 

 bing usually brings on fits of sneezing or snorting and 



