INFLUENZA 143 



are produced which are atypical of influenza, and the 

 ease is then to he classified, of course, as an atypical case. 



If we are ready to adopt this view and this method of 

 classifying the disease, we must then admit that influenza, 

 typical or true to type, is usually a very transient and 

 benign affection. It is only those cases which are atyp- 

 ical — in other words, those cases in which the addition 

 of pus-producing organisms has occurred — ^that are seri- 

 ous. From the practitioner's standpoint, this conclusion, 

 based on the foregoing classification, will prove to be of 

 merit, and of great assistance in the handling of both the 

 typical and the atypical forms of this disease. Of course, 

 as long as the identity of the infecting agent in influenza 

 is in doubt, no classification from a bacteriological stand- 

 point can be made with certainty. From a clinical stand- 

 point, however, the foregoing classification is rational. 



Symptoms. Typical form. A well-marked influenza 

 infection usually begins with a chill or rigor. The tem- 

 perature rapidly ascends to from 104 degrees to 106 de- 

 grees F. The horse gives evidence of great depression, 

 appears "dopey" and listless. There is usually a muco- 

 purulent nasal discharge and pertussis. The appetite is 

 entirely lacking or at least indifferent. The visible mu- 

 cous membranes are considerably injected and have 

 nearly always a jaundiced cast. There is lachrymation 

 and varying degrees of photophobia. The feces are 

 coated with mucus ; the urine is scanty and high-colored. 

 The pulse is irregular and increased in frequency. 



Depending upon the degree of involvement of tracheal 

 and bronchial mucous membranes, there is a correspond- 

 ing deviation from normal respiratory sounds and move- 

 ments. Catarrhal pneumonia is not an unusual typical 

 manifestation. 



All of the foregoing symptoms vary in individual cases 

 from very mild exhibitions proceeding to a favorable ter- 



