144 SPECIAL EQUINE THERAPY 



mmation at the end of four or five days, to most violent 

 presentations requiring several weeks to come to a favora- 

 ble end ; or else terminating in various complications and 

 sequelae, or even death. 



Atypical cases are inaugurated in a variety of phases. 

 Some of them begin as typical cases, later becoming atyp- 

 ical as a result of the invasion of a mixed infection. 

 Others make their appearance known by the development 

 of purely local lesions, such, for instance, as edema in 

 certain parts of the anatomy, synovitis, tendinitis, or 

 even lymphangitis. There may be manifestations of 

 varying degrees of dermatitis, laminitis, or panophthal- 

 mitis. Pleurisy with purulent exudate, resulting in 

 empyema; pleuro-pneumonia with necrotic tendencies; 

 suppurative hepatitis; parenchymatous nephritis; all of 

 these have been known to develop in atypical influenza 

 either primarily or secondarily. 



In the presence of influenza enzootics or epizootics the 

 practitioner must suspect this disease as the excitant in 

 every instance of abnormality that can not be referred to 

 a recognizable cause. One attack of influenza does not 

 confer permanent immunity. It is even doubtful whether 

 a temporary immunity exists after recovery from an 

 attack of this disease. 



Typical influenza must be differentiated from simple 

 catarrhal fever, colds, etc. Atypical cases may occasion- 

 ally be confused with distemper in young horses, stran- 

 gles, and, under certain conditions, glanders in the acute 

 form. The period of incubation in influenza varies from 

 three to ten days. 



Treatment. Mild cases of the typical form in influenza 

 require no special medication. Good warm quarters, 

 proper ventilation, and tonic treatment bring these cases 

 to a satisfactory end within four or five days. 



More severe cases of the typical variety are treated 



