INSECTS 



writer how on a Saturday evening after work — and there was no Saturday 

 half-holiday in those days — he would walk some thirty miles to Burnt 

 Wood in Staffordshire, sleeping in the open, collect all day Sunday and 

 walk back on Sunday night in time for work at six o'clock on Monday 

 morning. Most of Chappell's knowledge however perished with him, 

 but his fine local collections were purchased at his death by Mr, C. H, 

 Schill of Manchester, in whose private museum they remain. To coleop- 

 terists his name will be remembered in connection with those rare species 

 Lymexelon navale and Cryptocephalus biguttatus ; and to lepidopterists with 

 the clear wing moth, Sesia culiciformis. 



C. H. Gregson, a plumber of Liverpool, belonged to the same 

 group, and was possibly the last member of it. Born in Lancaster 1 8 1 7, 

 he died in 1899 in Liverpool. His first note on entomological subjects 

 seems to have appeared in the Annals of Natural History in 1842, on a 

 local moth, Nyssia zonaria, and from that time to his death his notes and 

 contributions appear constantly in the various serial publications devoted 

 to entomology. He had some acquaintance with the Coleoptera, but was 

 more especially a lepidopterist, and his magnificent collection of Lepidop- 

 tera, particularly rich in varieties and aberrations, was purchased in 1888 

 by W. Sydney Webb of Dover, in whose possession it still remains. 



Belonging to a somewhat different rank in life were Noah Greening 

 of Warrington, the brothers Cooke of Liverpool, and Hodgkinson of 

 Preston. 



Noah Greening was born in 1821 and died in 1879. He is best 

 known to the general public as an eminently successful business man and 

 the founder of the Warrington firm of wire drawers which bears his 

 name. But he was also an ardent student of nature, an ornithologist 

 and geologist of considerable attainments, but more especially a lepidop- 

 terist. He left little in writing, but the assistance he rendered Newman 

 is obvious to all readers of that author's British Butterflies and Moths, for 

 years the standard work on our Lepidoptera. Greening introduced several 

 species of moths to the British list, and formed a very complete and ex- 

 tensive collection of British Lepidoptera, the greater part of which is now 

 in the Liverpool Museum combined with that of Nathaniel Cooke. 



The brothers Cooke, Nathaniel above mentioned and Benjamin, 

 born respectively in 1 8 1 8 and 1817, were leading entomologists in south 

 Lancashire during the second quarter of last century. They were both 

 engaged in mercantile pursuits, devoting all their leisure to their favourite 

 study. Nathaniel was almost exclusively a lepidopterist, and to him we 

 owe the discovery of Nyssia zonaria as a British insect (1838). 



He died in Liverpool 1885. His brother Benjamin was perhaps 

 the better all round entomologist. He studied nearly all the orders, 

 and the few records which exist of the Hemiptera, Diptera, etc., of 

 south Lancashire are almost entirely his work. He died in Southport 

 in 1883. Notes and articles by both brothers are to be found in all 

 the magazines devoted to natural history quite up to the time of their 

 deaths. 



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