A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



5. Siberian Thrush. TurJus sihiricus, 'P^\\zs. 18. Blackcap. Sy/via atricap!l/a (Linn.). 



Seen by the writer in his garden in Liverpool A summer immigrant and lowland wood- 



on many occasions during the severe winter of lander, only very occasionally wintering in the 



county. 



19. Garden-Warbler. Sylvia hortensis (Bech- 

 stein). 



Turdus merula, Linn. 



1895 



6. Blackbird 

 Abundant. 



7. Ring-Ousel. Turdus torquatus, Linn. 



A summer immigrant, nesting more abun- 

 dantly in the Fells than elsewhere. 



8. Wheatear. Saxicola osnanthe (Linn.). 



Locally, Stone-chack, Wall-chack, White-rump. 

 A summer resident, arriving at the end of 

 March or early in April. Common on the low- 

 lands and sandy links near the coast. 



9. Black-throated Wheatear. Saxicola stapazina, 



Vieillot. 



A specimen taken at Bury, 8 May, 1875, 

 was the first record in the British Islands. 

 (P. Z. S. 1878, pp. 881-997). Figured in 

 Saunders' Manual, p. 23, and by Dresser, Birds 

 of Europe, under the name of Saxicola rufa (Hart- 

 ing. Handbook of British Birds, p. 3 5 3)- 



10. Whinchat. Pratincola ruhetra (Linn.). 



A summer visitor to all our wastes, moor- 

 lands, and low-lying open country. 



11. Stonechat. Pratincola rubicola [hinn.). 



Locally, Stone-chack, Flick-tail. 



A resident, frequenting commons and furzy 

 wastes. Irregularly distributed. 



I 2. Redstart. Ruticilla phoenicurus (Linn.). 

 Locally, Jennie Red-tail. 

 An early spring immigrant and summer resi- 

 dent, sparingly distributed. 



13. Black Redstart. Ruticilla titys (Scopoli). 

 A rare autumn and winter visitant. 



14. Robin or Redbreast. Erithacus rubecula 



(Linn.). 

 Abundant. 



15. Nightingale. Daulias luscinia (h'mn.). 



The majority of the records of the occurrence 

 of the nightingale in this county are insufficiently 

 authenticated, but its presence in the Irwell 

 valley seems worthy of respect. No authentic 

 nest has ever been taken. The writer may 

 mention here that he saw it at close quarters in 

 his garden at Hoylake, in Cheshire, in 1900. 



16. Whitethroat. Sylvia cinerea (Bechstein). 

 Locally, Peggy Whitethroat. 



A common summer immigrant. 



17. Lesser Whitethroat. Syhia carruca {yXnn^. 

 Locally, Hazel-linnet. 



An occasional summer visitor. 



A common summer migrant, often seen late 

 in autumn in gardens and orchards. 



20. Goldcrest. Regulus cristatus. K. L. Koch. 



A fairly common resident, more conspicuous 

 after the close of the breeding season, when it 

 occurs in small companies. 



2 1 . Firecrest. Regulus ignicapillus (Brehm). 



One or two occurrences of this species are 

 recorded, but none of them appear absolutely 

 authentic; the record {Zoologist, 1903, p. 455) 

 of the finding of a male specimen near South- 

 port, in October 1903, proved erroneous. 



22. ChifFchafiF. Phylloscopus rufus (Bechstein). 

 Locally, Petty-chaps. 



A rare summer visitor, arriving early in April. 



23. Willow - Warbler. Phylloscopus trochilus 



(Linn.). 

 Locally, White Wren, Peggy Whitethroat. 

 A quite common summer visitor. 



24. Wood- Warbler. Phylloscopus sibilatrix {Bech- 



stein). 

 Locally, Fell Peggy. 



A summer immigrant, especially frequent in 

 the more wooded districts among the Fells. 



25. Reed-Warbler. Acrocephalus streperus (Vie- 



illot). 

 A summer immigrant, local and not uncom- 

 mon by the margins of our meres and osier 

 thickets. 



26. Sedge - Warbler. Acrocephalus phragmitis 



(Bechstein), 



Locally, Water Najiny. 



A summer visitor, common on meres and 

 reedy swamps. 



27. Grasshopper - Warbler. Locustella navia 



(Boddaert). 



A generally distributed species, arriving early 

 in May and spending the summer with us in 

 larger numbers than usually supposed. 



28. Hedge-Sparrow. Accentor modularis (Linn.). 

 Locally, Hedge-dunny, Dunnock, Dykey. 



A resident common throughout the county 

 all the year round. 



29. Dipper. Cinclus aquaticus, Bechstein. 



Locally, Bessy Ducker, Water-Ouzel, Betty 

 Dowker. 



Numerous in all streams, especially in the 

 higher parts of the county. 



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