BIRDS 



Parus hritannicus, Sharpe 



30. British long-tailed Tit. Acredula rosea 



(Blyth). 



Locally, Bottle Tit. 



A fairly abundant species, especially in wooded 

 districts. 



31. Great Tit. Parus major ^ Linn. 

 Locally, Ox-eye Tit. 



An abundant resident. 



32. British Coal-Tit. 



and Dresser. 

 A resident but local. It is numerous in some 

 districts of the Fells. More often observed in 

 winter than at other seasons. 



33. British Marsh Tit. Parus palustris, Linn. 

 A resident nesting species, but not so abund- 

 ant as the last, except in the localities it affects, 

 where considerable flocks may be seen in late 

 autumn and in winter. 



34. Blue Tit. Parus aeruleus, Linn. 

 Locally, Blue Nope. 



A very common resident, in winter tame and 

 familiar, loving the neighbourhood of dwellings. 



35. Nuthatch. Shta casta. Wolf. 

 Locally, Kitty Wren. 



An extremely rare summer visitor. It is said 

 to have bred near Manchester. (Mitchell, Birds 

 of Lancashire, p. 38.) Its last recorded occur- 

 rence is September 1880. 



36. Wren. Troglodytes parvulus, Koch. 

 Locally, Kitty Wren. 



An abundant resident. 



37. Tree-Creeper. Certhia familiaris, Linn. 

 A resident, but becoming rarer than it formerly 



was. A few pairs, however, nest annually in 

 most of the woods throughout the county. 



38. Wall-Creeper. Tichodroma muraria (Linn.). 

 A very rare straggler. The second specimen 



in England, after 1792, was shot at the village 

 of Subden, Pendle Hill, 8 May, 1872. (Zoo- 

 logist, 1876, p. 4839 ; Birds of Lancashire, ed. I, 

 p. 56, with plate ; ed. 2, p. 60, woodcut.) 



39. Pied wagtail. Motacilla lugubris, Temm. 

 Locally, Water Wagtail. 



An abundant resident, but more conspicuous 

 in early autumn, when it frequents lawns, moist 

 pathways, and wet sandy patches in companies 

 of two or three pairs together. It is scarcer in 

 winter. 



40. White Wagtail. Motacilla alba, Linn. 

 A spring visitor, and less common than the 



preceding species, but occurring probably ' more 

 frequently than is supposed ' {Mitchell). It nests 

 on many of our mosses. 



41. Grey Wagtail. Motacilla melanope, Pallas. 

 A resident, but nests in Lancashire less fre- 

 quently than the pied wagtail, though still 



numerous on the rocky streams of Langridge 

 Fell. 



42. Yellow Wagtail. Motacilla raii (Bona- 

 parte). 



Locally, Yellow Hand-stir, Seedfore. 

 A not uncommon summer visitor, nesting in 

 maritime and inland meadows. 



43. Tree-Pipit. Anthus trivialis (Linn.). 

 A summer immigrant, well distributed espe- 

 cially near woods. 



44. Meadow-Pipit. Anthus pratensis (Linn.). 

 Locally, Titlark. 



Abundant everywhere. 

 45- Richard's Pipit. Anthus richardi, Vieillot. 



Specimens of Richard's pipit were killed at 

 Crosby and on the Wyre in 1869. (Mitchell, 

 Birds of Lancashire, ed. 2, p. 48.) 



46. Rock-Pipit. Anthus obscurus (Latham). 

 A resident species, common along the coast 



and margins of our large estuaries, and on Walney 

 Island, where it breeds. (Harting, Zoologist, 1864.) 



47. Golden Oriole. Oriolus galbula, Linn. 

 There are several records of the species as a 



summer visitor, but none of its having nested in 

 the county. 



48. Great Grey Shrike. Lanius excubitor, Linn. 

 An occasional visitor in late autumn and in 



winter. An adult female specimen was shot at 

 Urmston in January 1904. {Zoologist, 1904, 

 p. 115.) It used to breed at one time among 

 the sandhills. Mr. H. Murray saw one shot at 

 Chorlton near Manchester in 1905. 



49. Red-backed Shrike. Lanius collurio, Linn. 

 A summer visitor. There are frequent re- 

 cords of its having bred in the county. {Zoolo- 

 gist, 1896, p. 70.) 



50. Woodchat Shrike. Lanius pomeranus, Sparr- 

 man. 



Two occurrences of this species are on record. 

 (Mitchell, Birds of Lancashire, ed. 2, p. 53.) 



51. Waxwing. Ampelis garrulus, Liinn. 

 There have been several invasions of con- 

 siderable numbers at a time of the waxwing, 

 generally at long intervals, and as a rule in mid- 

 winter. 



52. Pied Flycatcher. Muscicapa atricapilla, Linn. 

 A summer visitor on migration ; some few 



breed annually. 



53. Spotted Flycatcher. Muscicapa grisola, 

 Linn. 



A common summer visitor. 



54. Swallow. Hirundo rustica, Linn. 

 A summer visitor universally distributed. 



First seen in 1903 as early as the end of March, 

 near Liverpool. In North Lancashire during the 

 very unseasonable May of 1886 between six and 



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