A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



VValney Island and along the shores of More- 

 cambe Bay in May (Mitchell). 



199. Oyster-Catcher. Hamatopm oitralegus, 



Linn. 

 Locally, Sea Pie. 

 A resident frequenting the entire shore line of 

 the county ; it is specially abundant on Walney 

 Island, where it breeds freely, as it does on the 

 sandhills further south. 



200. Avocet. Recurvirostra avccetta, Linn. 



A very rare visitor. It has occurred on Wal- 

 ney Island and on the Ribble (Mitchell, Birds oj 

 Lancashire, ed. 2, p. 217). 



201. Grey Phalarope. Phalaridopus fulicarius 



(Linn.). 

 An irregular autumn visitor. Mr. Macpherson 

 records specimens from Walney Island and Win- 

 dermere {Fauna of Lakeland , p. 368). 



202. Red-necked Phalarope. Phalaridopus hyper- 



boreus (Linn.). 

 A very rare autumn and winter visitant to 

 our estuaries. One is said to have been shot 

 near Southport in 1832, and during the last ten 

 years eight specimens have been brought to Mr. 

 H. Murray, all shot on Carnforth and Martin 

 Marshes. 



203. Woodcock. Scolapax rusticula, Linn, 



An autumn visitor on migration, arriving in 

 large numbers and remaining over the winter. 

 It breeds in the northern districts of the 

 county. 



204. Great Snipe. Gallinago major (J. F. 



Gmelin). 



An autumn and winter visitor. It was first 

 recorded as a British bird from this county. The 

 specimen passed into Sir Ashton Lever's 

 Museum, thence into the hands of an unknown 

 purchaser on the dispersion of that celebrated 

 collection. A specimen in the Lord Derby 

 Museum, Liverpool, was shot by the late 

 Edward J. S. Hornby, Esq., at Winwick, Lan- 

 cashire. 



205. Common Snipe, Gallinago ccelestis (Fren- 



zel). 

 Locally, Heather-bleat. 

 Resident and abundantly distributed over Lan- 

 cashire, nesting in all suitable places. The 

 resident flocks are largely augmented in numbers 

 during winter by immigrant visitors. 



206. Jack Snipe. Gallinago gallinula (Linn.). 

 Locally, Indcock. 



A fairly abundant winter immigrant. 



207. Dunlin. Tringa alptna, Linn. 

 Locally, Sealark, Oxeye, Sea Mouse. 



A winter visitor frequenting in countless 

 thousands the off-shore sandbanks along the 



coast ; some few annually remain to breed, and 

 are known to do so in fair numbers on Carnforth 

 and Martin Marshes. 



208. Little Stint. Tringa minuta, Leisler. 



A scarce spring and autumn visitor on migra- 

 tion. 



209. Temminck's Stint. Tringa temmincki, 



Leisler. 



A rare spring and autumn straggler on migra- 

 tion, more rarely observed than the little stint, 

 there being only a couple of records of its occur- 

 rence ; but probably it is often unrecognized. 



210. Curlew Sandpiper. Tringa subarquata 



(Galdenstadt). 



A fairly common spring and autumn visitant 

 to our shores, occasionally travelling inland. 



211. Purple Sandpiper. Tringa striata, hinn. 

 An^ annual winter visitor, but far from 



common. 



212. Knot. Tringa canutus, h'mn. 



Large flocks of knots annually visit More- 

 cambe Bay and the Mersey and Ribble estuaries 

 as spring and autumn migrants. 



213. Sanderling. Calidris arenaria (Linn.). 



A spring and autumn visitor on migration to 

 our off-shore sandbanks, often in very large 

 flocks. 



214. Ruff. Machetes pugnax (Linn.). 



A fairly common spring and autumn visitor. 



215. Buff-breasted Sandpiper. Tringites rufescens 



(Vieillot). 

 Very rare straggler. Recorded only once, 

 from Formby, in 1829. 



216. Common Sandpiper. Tetanus hypoleucus 



(Linn.) 

 Locally, Sand-snipe, Sand-lark, Willie Liltie. 



A summer immigrant which breeds on the 

 Fells and uplands of the county, 



217. American Spotted Sandpiper. Totanus 



macularius (Linn.). 

 A North American species, of which four 

 examples, well authenticated, have straggled into 

 Lancashire in two closely set years, 1863 and 

 1865. 



218. Wood Sandpiper. Totanus glareola (J. F. 



Gmelin). 

 A rare autumn and winter straggler. 



219. Green Sandpiper. Totanus ochropus {JJmn!). 

 A regular autumn visitor on migration to most 



of the inland streams. 



220. Redshank. Totanus calidris (Linn.). 



An autumn and winter visitant, occasionally 

 in large flocks ; but a few always reside through- 



202 



