EARLY MAN 



selected as illustration, and the distribution of them is indicated by lists of 

 ' findspots.' The arrow-heads, however, are few in number and of special 

 interest : they are not altogether peculiar to this area, being found also at 

 Manchester, and even towards the mouth of the Mersey at Wavertree 

 near Liverpool. 



The flint chippings of the Pennine range, from their very numbers, 

 combined with the absence of metal among the deposits, constitute the 

 only definite evidence of habitation during the neolithic period. The stone 

 implements described below, classified as celts and perforated implements, 

 adzes, axes, hammers, and the like, are not necessarily to be considered as 

 the product of a purely Stone Age, though of neolithic character. 



I. Roughly-worked Stones 



Cores and flakes, and evidences of flint-working associated with these 

 early inhabitants of the South Lancashire moors, have been found at many 

 sites. Among them, in the main or central area, Brandwood Moor, Brown 

 Wardle Hill, Cow Heys, Crow Knoll, Culvert Clough, Flower Scar Hill, 

 Foxton Edge, Great Winning Gulf, Hades Hill (on the border), Haulgh, 

 Helpet Edge, Hunger Hill, Longden End Moor, Lower Moor, Rushy Hill, 

 Robin Hood's Bed, Ramsden, Rough Hill, Todmorden (on the border), 

 Turnshaw Hill, Wardle Moor, Well i' th' Lane ; especially also at Besom 

 Hill, Blackstone Edge, Bull Hill, Knoll Hill, Middle Hill (Wardle), 

 Readycon Dean, Tooter Hill, Trough Edge, and Wardle. From Bolton-le- 

 Moors comes a ' flint-polisher ; ' and from HoUingworth Lake, as from 

 Trough Edge, KnoU Hill, Middle Hill, etc., roundish hammer-stones, and 

 ' thumb-stones.' 



Further south, in the Manchester area, similar finds are recorded : at 

 Broughton, Cheetham, Chorlton-upon-Medlock, Kersal Moor, Moss Side, 

 and RadclifFe, near Bury. 



From the Irwell House grounds. Lower Broughton, is an interesting 

 specimen with serrated edges, found in the gravel about 5 ft. deep. 



To the north the boundary of the settlement seems to be reached at 

 the Worsthorne Moor, though isolated finds of small workings have been 

 made at Mellor, Clitheroe, Longridge, Chipping, Bleasdale, and elsewhere 

 as previously mentioned. A selection of typical worked flints from the 

 moors around Rochdale is seen in Plate I. Other discoveries of miscella- 

 neous worked flints have been made in association with interments and 

 funeral deposits, and as such will be referred to in a later section. 



2. Arrow-heads 



With a few exceptions the finds of shaped arrow-heads are associated 

 with the same area of neolithic settlements. The small pointed flints which 

 might have been used as tips of arrows have been freely found wherever flint- 

 working has been evidenced. A series of these is illustrated in the upper 

 photograph of Plate I. 



Arrows fashioned with a definite form, lozenge-shaped, leaf-shaped, and 

 winged, are also common : Tooter Hill and Culvert Clough have yielded 

 good examples. A fine class of barbed arrow also was produced by these 



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