214. VINES 
its width is optional, but should not be less than 
six feet nor more than fifteen. I like the narrow 
(six-foot) border for an early grapery, because 
it can be covered with sash, and the outside 
roots started into growth more quickly than in 
the open. The fifteen-foot border is large enough 
for a late grapery. The border should be pro- 
tected from the intrusion of the roots of un- 
cultivated plants by a brick or concrete wall, 
while the foundation walls of the grapery should 
be arched below the surface of the ground so as 
to permit the grape roots to travel into the out- 
side border. 
The crowns should be planted four to five 
feet apart. Wires to which the vines are subse- 
quently trained should be stretched some fifteen 
inches from the glass. The best kind of trellis 
runs up and down allowing five horizontal wires 
for each cane, about nine inches apart for grapes 
planted four feet apart, and about twelve inches 
apart for grapes set every five feet. 
Vines can be started into growth at almost any 
time, but the later in the season it is attempted, 
the easier the task and usually the better the 
results. In starting the grapery, a temperature 
of 45° should be maintained for a few nights. 
Water the border thoroughly and spray the canes 
