TEMPORARY PASTURES. 337 



GRASSES ADAPTED TO VARIOUS CONDITIONS. 



Since grasses differ much in the degree of their 

 adaptation to various conditions, a brief discussion with 

 reference to such adaptation will follow. The question 

 will be discussed from the standpoint of conditions such 

 as apply to soil/ climate and ability to grow under shade. 



For Upland Pastures. — In the northern states and 

 Canada, cultivated grasses, best adapted to ordinary 

 upland soils in producing temporary pastures, are tim- 

 othy, orchard grass, Russian brome, redtop, and west- 

 ern rye grass. Meadow Fescue and tall oat grass are 

 not included, since several years are required to grow 

 them at their best. Timothy, though not of highest 

 value in producing pasture through the season, is, never- 

 theless, extensively sown for such a use, since it will 

 grow over a wide area, sets quickly and has special 

 adaptation for being sown with the red clovers on up- 

 land soils. When Eussian brome is wanted for tem- 

 porary pastures, it should be sown thickly so as to get 

 a full stand the year after sowing. The method most 

 commonly adopted in obtaining temporary grazing in 

 the North is by sowing timothy and red clover, as a 

 full stand of these may be obtained the year after- 

 sowing them. Blue grass and white clover come injo 

 these pastures in many sections without being sown. 

 In much of northwestern Canada, this combination 

 is not successful since clover, heretofore, has failed to 

 grow satisfactorily. When these pastures are to be 

 maintained for four to six years, more attention should 

 be given to adding the seed of orchard grass and redtop 

 than has -been given to the sowing of these in the 



